| Jilin Province is an important soybean production base in China.Maintaining the high and stable yield of soybean in this region is conducive to ensuring the food security of the province and the country.However,climate change will cause the agricultural ecological environment change and bring many challenges to crop growth.Under the current climate change background,it is of great practical significance to deepen the understanding of soybean climate suitability and frost damage.Taking Jilin Province as the research area,this paper explored the changes of climate resources in soybean growing season,and then analysed the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of climate suitability in the whole growth period and different development stages of soybean in Jilin Province based on climate suitability model.Finally,after understanding the temporal change and spatial distribution of soybean frost damage,the risk assessment model of soybean frost damage in Jilin Province was constructed,the risk zoning was implemented,and the soybean planting suitability of each research site was evaluated based on the frost damage risk and climate suitability level.The results of this study could provide some reference for the optimization of soybean planting layout and the prevention of soybean frost damage in Jilin Province.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)There were obvious spatial differences in the distribution of climate resources in soybean growing season in Jilin Province.The active accumulated temperature of ?10? and the average daily minimum temperature in September showed a spatial distribution pattern of high in the West and low in the East,and showed an overall upward trend from 1990 to 2019.The precipitation was low in the West and high in the East,while the reference evapotranspiration was high in the West and low in the East.These two factors showed no significant upward trend in the whole province and different regions.The sunshine hours in the western and central regions were significantly longer than those in the East,and showed a downward trend except for the central region.(2)The climate suitability of soybean in Jilin Province was generally good,and its change was relatively stable.The temperature suitability showed an upward trend,while the precipitation and sunshine suitability showed a downward trend.The temperature and sunshine suitability decreased from west to east,but the precipitation suitability was on the contrary.In the whole province,the temperature suitability was generally high,which could meet the needs of soybean growth and development.Precipitation was the main limiting factor of soybean growth in the West,and sunshine was the main limiting factor of soybean growth in the East.(3)In recent 30 years,the regularity of time variation of soybean frost damage in Jilin Province was not strong,but there were obvious multiple years.Its spatial distribution law was more significant and showed that the frequency of frost at all levels and total frost was the highest in the East,the second in the middle,and the lowest in the West.Jingyu,Donggang and Changbai in the East were the areas with high incidence of soybean frost damage in the whole province.Liaoyuan and Baicheng were the areas more often affected by frost damage in the central and western regions respectively.The high risk areas of soybean frost damage were mainly concentrated in the eastern part of Jilin Province,including Dunhua,Jiaohe,Jingyu and Donggang.In addition,Liaoyuan in the central region was also a high risk area,while the overall risk in the western region was low.(4)Considering the climate suitability and frost damage risk of soybean,it could be concluded that Da'an,Qianguo and Qian'an in the western region,Changchun in the central region and Meihekou,Huadian and Tonghua in the eastern region were the most suitable areas to develop soybean planting.However,Dunhua,Changbai and Wangqing in the East were not suitable for soybean cultivation compared with other areas. |
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