Stable Isotope Analysis Of Human Bone From Huangling Cemetery Of Zhaitouhe And Shijiahe

The Rong is of great significance to the development of ancient Chinese history.It has been an important object of academic research on the history of the Zhou Dynasty,and a large number of documents have been combed and verified..However,due to the obscure documentary records,scholars have very little knowledge of their life history information,ethnicity and culture,especially what is the living condition of the Rong people?A clear and comprehensive understanding has not yet been obtained.Through the analysis of human bones unearthed from the Rong cultural cemetery,it helps us to more directly understand the diet structure of the ancestors,population migration and cultural exchanges.The archaeological excavations of the Rong people's cemeteries in the Zhaitouhe and the Shijiahe in Huangling,Yan'an,Shaanxi Province,provided precious materials for understanding the social life of the Rong people in the ancient Guanzhong region.In order to clarify the ancestors'recipe structure,subsistence patterns,and population migration.In this paper,the stable isotope analysis method is used to analyze the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis,the strontium stable isotope analysis an of 22 human bone samples,16 human teeth samples and 17 animal teeth samples were unearthed from the Zhaitouhe cemetery;27human bone samples,24 human teeth samples and 1 animal tth samples were unearthed from the Shijiahe cemetery.Early people's living conditions,migration,and provide more information and clues for understanding the life history of the Rong people.Based on the analysis of the isotope data,combined with relevant information,this article draws the following conclusions:1.The carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of Zhaitouhe cemetery's human bone samples show that the distribution of?¹³C values is in the range of-9.19‰to-7.96‰,and the?¹⁵N values is in the range of 7.55‰to 8.83‰;the?¹³C values of the Shijiahe cemetery's ancestors is in the range of-9.87‰to-8.09‰,?¹⁵N values in the range of 7.41‰to 9.56‰.The plant foods consists of C4 herbaceous plants which mainly comprise broomcorn and foxtail millet.Two samples of individuals were fed on meat food while the others consumed less meat resources.2.The Student's t test shows that there is no significant difference between the ancestors of the Zhaitouhe cemetery.The?¹³C and?¹⁵N values of the ancestors of the Shijiahe cemetery have no obvious difference in gender.The dietary pattern of the Qin people was similar to those ancestors in the early and middle period in the Shijiahe cemetery.The recipe of the ancestors of the two cemeteries are similar.3.Comparing the Qin people at the other cemeteries,it is found that the content of animal protein in Shijiahe's Qin recipes is slightly lower,which may be due to the historical migration to the border of Qin or New territory are from the bottom of society such as sinners or poor people.4.The strontium isotope ratio of horse bones unearthed from the Zhaitouhe cemetery is used to establish the site's strontium isotope standard range is 0.711156?0.711276.It is found that only2 individuals are native.The cut tail mean method can be used to determine the site's strontium isotope standard range is 0.710649?0.711849,there are 24 Individuals are not in this range.The test results the W test and Q-Q chart test show that most of the ancestors are migrants.5.During the Warring States Period,the Rong people used the original natural resources and absorbed the agricultural technology of the Central Plains,they formed a mixed economic model of agriculture and animal husbandry based on C4 crops.In the late Warring States period,the migration of the Qin people to Shijiahe cemetery did not change the subsistence patterns.6.After the discussion of viewpoints,combined with archaeological material and literature,it is inferred that the source of Rong people may be Yiqurong,the population of the cemetery also include Qin people,the northern grassland ethnic and the Wei people.