3D Visual Simulation Of Root System Of Main Slope Protecting Plants In Loess Region And Extraction Of Root Architecture Parameters And Application

The root system is an important functional organ of the plant.Its three-dimensional solid visual simulation helps to understand the growth and development dynamics,morphological and structural characteristics,and nutrient absorption functions of the root system,especially in the aspect of strengthening the root system through shear resistance to play the role of soil consolidation and slope protection.Three-dimensional solid visualization simulation,with the aid of graphics and computer aids,can easily extract plant root configuration parameters and compare the differences between different slope protection plant species.Therefore,it has important theoretical and practical significance for the selection and configuration of slope protection plants,as well as water and soil conservation engineering and garden design and drawing.Based on this,the paper selects 6common typical plants with different root types on natural slopes in the loess region,including Artemisia scoparia,Setaria viridis,Bothriochloa ischaemum,Lespedeza daurica,Hippophae rhamnoides,and Sophora viciifolia,each plant has two different size individuals as the research objects.Use 3D coordinate soil column excavation and layer-by-layer root removal method,use 3D motion tracker(Fas Trak)to obtain the root system three-dimensional space coordinates,digital display vernier caliper to obtain the root system diameter,after coordinate integration and reconstruction,use the 3D modeling software Sketch Up to compare 6 The root system of the plant is visualized with three-dimensional entities.By comparing some of the root system configuration parameters measured on-site with the corresponding parameters extracted from the 3D model,the reliability of the 3D visualization entity digital model was verified.The configuration parameters and distribution characteristics of different plants were measured,calculated and compared,and the distribution of shear enhancement effects in the rhizosphere of different slope protection plants was explored.The main results are as follows:(1)The main root configuration parameters extracted by the 3D entity digital visual model are extremely significantly related to the field measurement parameters,and the model is true and reliable(three root configuration parameters R2>0.9598,P<0.01).The established three-dimensional visualization model of the root system is realistic,and accurately and truly restores the morphological and configuration characteristics of the root systems of Artemisia scoparia,Setaria viridis,Bothriochloa ischaemum,Lespedeza daurica,Hippophae rhamnoides,and Sophora viciifolia.At the same time,the format compatibility is good,and it can be used.For engineering drawing,it has a certain universality.(2)From the perspective of the vertical and horizontal distribution of the root systems of the six plants,the vertical distribution range of the root system of the taproot-like Artemisia scoparia is larger than the horizontal range(64.9cm and 46.1cm,respectively),while The roots of Lespedeza daurica,Hippophae rhamnoides,and Sophora viciifolia are larger in the horizontal distribution range than the vertical distribution(55.6cm and 61.4cm,159.1cm and 246.3,196.2cm and 416.5cm,respectively),and the fibrous root type plants of Setaria viridis and Bothriochloa ischaemum The root system is larger in the horizontal distribution range than the vertical distribution(13.5cm and 24.6cm,58.7cm and 81.4cm,respectively).The topological index(TI)of the roots of Artemisia scoparia,Setaria viridis,Bothriochloa ischaemum,Lespedeza daurica,Hippophae rhamnoides,and Sophora viciifolia are all greater than 0.843(TIs are 0.934,0.899,0.929,0.92,0.897 and 0.879,respectively),indicating The root systems of the six plants all tended to the fishtail split root mode.The fractal dimension and fractal abundance of Artemisia scoparia,Setaria viridis,Bothriochloa ischaemum,Lespedeza daurica,Hippophae rhamnoides,and Sophora viciifolia are between1 and 1.417 and the fractal abundance is between 1.918 and 3.742.In comparison,Bothriochloa ischaemum(F=1.315,lgK=2.872)has higher fractal dimension and fractal abundance than other herbs(F and lgK are 1.244 and 2.326,1.122 and 1.921,respectively).Sophora viciifolia(F=1.378 and lgK)=3.742)has more fractal dimension and fractal abundance than other shrubs(F and lgK are 1.108 and 2.407,1.126 and 3.098,respectively).Both the topological index and the larger fractal dimension of Bothriochloa ischaemumand Sophora viciifolia have a larger fractal dimension,which indicates that the root structure of Bothriochloa ischaemumand Sophora viciifolia is relatively complex and the space expansion ability is stronger.(3)According to the extracted root cross-sectional area ratio RAR and the Wu-Waldron shear enhancement formula,the horizontal distribution of the root shear enhancement effect of different depths in the rhizosphere range of 6 plants was analyzed,indicating that The anti-shear enhancement effect of Bothriochloa ischaemum,Hippophae rhamnoides and Sophora viciifolia is better and is more suitable for the environment in the loess hilly area.The shear enhancement effect of s Hippophae rhamnoides,and Sophora viciifolia is non-uniformly distributed in different soil layers and in the horizontal radial direction.The root system is densely distributed and can be planted densely,which can prevent hydraulic shearing in the channel.It is recommended to plant Bothriochloa ischaemum and Sophora viciifolia in the natural and engineering slopes of the loess area.In the configuration of slope protection plants,the slope protection plants can be reasonably matched according to the calculated planting density.The shrubs are recommended to be planted in a font shape,which is more conducive to the role of plant roots in soil consolidation and slope protection.This paper uses the method of combining the three-dimensional coordinate soil column excavation method and the 3D digital instrument to accurately and truly restore the three-dimensional characteristics of the root system of 6 kinds of plants.The established three-dimensional visualization model can enrich the library of the root system of the slope protection plant,and can easily and quickly extract the root system structure.The parameters of the type,comparing the architecture and topological characteristics of the root system of different slope protection plants,are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the follow-up study of plant root architecture and the vegetation configuration mapping of water and soil conservation design,gardening and horticulture planning,etc.