Resilience Evolution Of Rural Communities After Massive Debris Flow

Frequent occurrence of natural disasters has become one of the most serious challenges facing human society,building community resilience is an important way to mitigate the adverse effects of environmental disasters and achieve sustainable development.As the direct recipients of internal/external environmental disturbances,communities are more vulnerable to natural disasters and fall into unsustainable due to their weak ability to resist external impacts.At present,it is urgent to identify the evolutionary process and influencing factors of community resilience after disaster,so as to provide references for the formulation of community sustainable development policies.Zhouqu County,located in the eastern alpine-gorge region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,is a typical area with frequent natural disasters and fragile ecology,the frequent occurrence of geological disasters such as landslides,mudslide,ground collapse and unstable slopes has seriously threatened the life and property of local residents.The “8.7massive debris flow” disaster caused serious losses to the social economy and ecological environment of Zhouqu County in 2010,community began to recover under the assistance of governments at all levels,people from all walks of life and the role of community self-organization after disaster.Clarifying the evolution process and driving factors of community resilience in Zhouqu County after disaster is crucial for building resilient communities.In view of this,our study constructs the theoretical framework and evaluation index system of community resilience based on the theoretical analysis of the evolution process of community resilience after disaster,and takes the disaster-stricken area in Zhouqu,Gansu Province as an example,selects three villages with different levels of damage,analyzes the evolution process of resilience of different damaged communities after disaster based on the survey data of three time periods.The results are as follows:(1)The process of community recovery after the disaster has obvious stages,which can be divided into disaster relief reconstruction period(2010-2013)and self-recovery period(2013-present),and the speed of community recovery in the former stage is fast,and the recovery speed in the latter is slow.(2)During the disaster relief and reconstruction period,the resilience level of the most severely affected communities was higher,followed by the severely affected communities,while the general disaster-stricken communities had a lower level of resilience.During the self-recovery period,the resilience level of the generally affected communities was higher and gradually surpassed the most severely affected communities and the relatively severely affected communities.(3)From the perspective of recovery speed,during the disaster relief and reconstruction period,the most severely affected community is fast,followed by the severely affected community,while the general affected community is slower.During the self-recovery period,the recovery speed of the generally affected community is higher and gradually surpassed the most severely affected community and the severely affected community.The recovery speed of the most severely affected communities and the severely affected communities showed a trend of first fast and then slow,while the recovery speed of the general affected communities showed a trend of first slow and then fast.(4)Community resilience has improved in different dimensions after disaster,but there is an obvious order.In the first stage,community management has a faster recovery speed and strong social resilience,while environmental recovery speed is slower and its resilience is weaker.In the second stage,economic recovery speed is faster but its resilience is relatively weak,and environmental resilience is stronger,social recovery speed is slow.(5)Policy intervention and community self-organization ability have significant influence on community resilience after disaster,but their effect intensity varies in different stages.Finally,some policy suggestions are put forward to strengthen the prevention of natural disasters and enhance community resilience.