The Influence Of Air Pollution On The Daily Emergency Quantity In Tianjin

Objective:To observe the general situation and time variation characteristics of daily emergency number and air pollutants in Tianjin from 2015 to 2018,and to explore the short-term effect of air pollutants on daily emergency times by time series analysis.Methods:The daily average concentration data of daily emergency cases,air pollutants and meteorological factors were collected from 2015 to 2018.The correlation between air pollutants and air temperature,humidity and wind speed was analyzed by Spearman correlation.GLM based on Possion distribution is used to control the mixed effects of time trend,day of week and meteorological factors,and the relationship between air pollutants and daily emergency times of residents is analyzed.Results:1.Results of correlation analysis.There were correlations among air pollutants.Except for O₃,the others were positive correlation.Except for PM₁₀and O₃,others had correlation between relative humidity.There is a significant correlation between air temperature and humidity.2.Results of short-term impact analysis of single pollutant and emergencyWhen the concentration of NO₂,CO and O₃increased by 10μg/m³,the total amount of emergency increased by 0.28%（95%CI:0.06%-0.50%）,0.01%（95%CI:0.01%-0.02%）and 0.40%（95%CI:0.24%-0.57%）.The maximum effect value of NO₂and CO appeared in the day,and O₃appeared in the lag of 3 days.When the concentration of PM₁₀,CO and O₃increased by 10μg/m³,the emergency treatment volume of respiratory diseases increased by 0.22%（95%CI:0.04%-0.40%）,0.02%（95%CI:0.004%-0.04%）,0.76%（95%CI:0.08%-1.44%）.The maximum effect value of CO and O₃appeared in the cumulative lag of 1 day,and PM₁₀appeared in the lag of 1 day.When the concentration of PM_2.5,PM₁₀,NO₂and CO increased by 10μg/m³,the average daily emergency volume of cardiovascular disease increased by 0.33%（95%CI:0.005%-0.65%）,0.30%（95%CI:0.08%-0.53%）,1.09%（95%CI:0.41%-1.78%）and 0.03%（95%CI:0.01%-0.05%）.The maximum effect values of PM_2.5and PM₁₀appeared in the cumulative lag of 1 day,and NO₂and CO appeared on the day.3.Short-term effects of air pollutants in different seasons on emergency of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in residents.During the cold season,the concentration of PM_2.5and PM₁₀increased by 10μg/m³,the daily emergency treatment of respiratory diseases increased by 0.55%（95%CI:0.09%-1.02%）and 0.5%（95%CI:0.15%-0.85%）.The maximum effect values appeared in the cumulative lag of 3 days.The concentration of PM₁₀and NO₂increased by 10μg/m³,the emergency volume of cardiovascular disease increased by0.43%（95%CI:0.15%-0.71%）and 1.03%（95%CI:0.01%-2.06%）.The maximum effect values appeared in the cumulative lag of 1 day.During the warm season,for every 10μg/m³increase in O₃concentration,the number of emergency patients for respiratory diseases increased by 0.94%（95%CI:0.08%-1.79%）.The maximum effect value appeared in the cumulative lag of 1 day.When the concentration of NO₂ increased by 10μg/m³,the emergency treatment of cardiovascular disease increased by 1.84%（95%CI:0.27%-3.41%）,and the maximum effect value appeared on the day.4.Short-term effects of air pollutants on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in residents of different ages.When the concentration of PM_2.5,PM₁₀and NO₂increased by 10μg/m³,the daily emergency volume of cardiovascular disease of residents under 65 years old increased by 0.49%（95%CI:0.02%-0.97%）,0.27%（95%CI:0.01%-0.53%）and1.08%（95%CI:0.07%-0.53%）.The effect values of PM_2.5,PM₁₀and NO₂were the highest when the cumulative lag was 1 day,one day and the day.For every 10μg/m³increase in PM₁₀concentration,the daily emergency treatment for respiratory diseases of residents aged 65 or older increases by 0.25%（95%CI:0.02%-0.49%）.The effect value is the highest when the lag is one day.When the concentration of PM₁₀and NO₂increased by 10μg/m³,the emergency treatment of cardiovascular disease in residents aged 65 or older increased.0.35%（95%CI:0.09%-0.60%）,0.96%（95%CI:0.02%-1.90%）.All the effects were the highest on the day.Conclusion:1.The concentration of PM₁₀and PM_2.5pollutants exceeds the standard obviously,and the air pollution situation needs to be improved.2.The increase of PM₁₀and PM_2.5concentration can lead to the increase of daily emergency treatment for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases,the increase of O₃concentration can lead to the increase of daily emergency treatment for respiratory diseases,and the increase of NO₂concentration can lead to the increase of daily emergency treatment for cardiovascular diseases.The results can provide technical support for the health management of local air pollution.