Research On Water Retention Technology Of Hilly Eeconomic Woodland And Garden Potted Soil Based On Rock Wool Material

Soil moisture is an important factor restricting agricultural and forestry production.The hilly landis important arable land for agricultural and forestry production,especially in the south of China.Water resources are distributed unevenly from north to south.Rainfall is abundant in southern China,but seasonal differences are obvious.Persistent drought often occurs in autumn and winter,and water is a constraint factor for the production of hilly land.Home gardening is in the ascendant,and moisture is also a limiting factor for emerging agronomic activities such as garden flowers and rooftop vegetable gardens.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to explore soil water conservation technology with convenient and economical potted water management method to alleviate the drought problem of woodland in hilly and mountainous areas.Rock wool has the characteristics of lightweight,porosity,and strong water holding capacity.This study took rock wool as the test material and carried out the basic water-holding characteristics of rock wool materials（water-absorbing and water-holding capacity,water-increasing potential of soil with different texture,water-diffusing capacity of rock wool）and its ecological effects on soil properties.The effects of rock wool on soil water retention and storage capacity of different slope positions,soil water retention of hickory forest and growth of rapeseed were studied through field woodland experiments.Through pot experiment,the simulated water stress condition,carry out three kinds of rock wool embedding treatment（based on the lower buried inert absorbent material-CK,rooted in the lower buried blocky rock wool-BR,the root of ring bury sheet rock wool-FR）for potting soil water storage and the influence of plant growth,in order to explore a new practical and green safety of soil moisture storage technology.The main results were as follows:1.The simulated test of water retention chamber of rock wool shows that the maximum volume water holding capacity of the rock wool tested is 64.64%,and the indoor air environment holds water for 16 days.The maximum available volumetric water content of rock wool increased by 54.02%,50.67%,41.41%and 50.31%,respectively,in the four soil types,namely,pine sandy soil,sandy loam,medium loam and light clay.When saturated rock wool is buried in the air-dried soil,the water diffuses vertically and horizontally for a certain time to reach a relatively stable state.The maximum soil moisture content 5 cm from rock wool vertically upward and horizontally is 27.89%and 20.67%,respectively,and the maximum soil moisture content 10 cm is 13.13%and 13.00%,respectively.Therefore,it is suggested that the buried location of rock wool should be controlled within 10 cm from the root system.2.Rock wool-soil culture tests showed that the precipitation of Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺,Al³⁺and Si⁴⁺in the leaching solution of rock wool was acid>alkaline>neutral.Agricultural rock wool has the function of improving soil properties,after rock wool was cultured in the soil for 30 days,compared with the control group,soil enzyme activity,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,and soil bacterial and fungal abundance were significantly increased by 29.97%～168.76%,59.96%,91.96%,37.56%,and 16.23%,respectively（P<0.05）.After culture for 60 days,soil microbial biomass of carbon and nitrogen under the rock wool trentment were significantly higher than that of the control（P<0.05）.There was no significant difference in soil enzyme activity,soil bacterial and fungal abundance between rock wool treatment and control.3.Woodland test showed that,in the case of continuous sunny days without rain,rock wool could fully play the role of water conservation and storage on the soil in different slope positions of taxus chinensis,and the soil water content in the upper and lower slope positions of forest land was near rock wool>rock wool land Near the roots>no rock wool（control）.After prolonged drought and rain,the soil moisture content in the vicinity of rock wool in pecan woodland was significantly higher than that in the area without rock wool 29.19%and 23.39%（P<0.05）;The growth width of rapeseed is 80 cm,and the water-retaining range of rock wool is 5 times wider than its own width.Compared with the control,the indexes such as ground stem,plant height,leaf area and fresh weight of rape plants planted in rock wool（flowering period）were significantly increased by 58.63%,62.85%,65.66%and 44.51%（P<0.05）.4.Pot experiment showed that under the same irrigation condition,soil volume water content was showed BR>FR>CK.Compared with the control,the soil volume water content of rock wool treatment（BR and FR）at different growth stages were significantly increased by 26.01%～41.81%（P<0.05）,indicated that rock wool treatment could improve soil water retention ability.In the same growth period,plant height,ground stem,number of leaves,maximum leaf area,plant root length and dry weight of tomato treated with rock wool were all higher than CK.The chlorophyll a,total chlorophyll and relative water content of tomato leaves all showed BR>FR>CK,while malondialdehyde,proline content and peroxidase activity were showed opposite trend.In summary,rational use of rock wool materials in soil is one of the effective measures to alleviate short-term soil drought,which is worthy of promotion in the field of agriculture and forestry.