| Herpes viruses are double-stranded DNA viruses with icosahedral symmetry,belonging to the Herpesviridae family.So far,the herpes zoster virus and herpes simplex virus(HSV)have been found to infect human,and HSV infection is the fourth infectious disease in the world.According to statistics,more than 70%adults have been infected with HSV-1.HSV-1 virus usually affect the facial skin(lips,nostrils).The most common clinical symptom is specific lesions in the oral area.These cold sores occur when a latent virus inside the infected neuron is reactivated,the virus will be transmitted along the axons of neurons to the host's trigeminal ganglion and other nerve tissues.At present,HSV-1 is mainly treated with some drugs.HSV-1 vaccine is less well studied.Our laboratory has successfully prepared oral yeast vaccine X-33-PDI-g D by yeast surface display technology,and found that the vaccine can effectively induce the corresponding immune response in mice.In order to further explore the effectiveness of the vaccine in mice exposed to HSV-1,this study continued to evaluate the immune protection effect of mice after vaccination and related experiments..In this study,BALB/c mice were used as model animals for oral vaccination experiment.The mice were divided into two groups based on different HSV-1infection routes.The mice in the first group were immunized orally for 5 weeks.Two weeks after immunization,the mice were infected by direct intraperitoneal injection of 1×10~6 PFU virus.The body weight,survival rate,specific Ig G and specific Ig A of the mice were observed and measured,and the results showed that the vaccine could not provide complete protection to the mice.Mice in the second group were immunized orally for 9 weeks.Two weeks after immunization,the mice were infected with HSV1 via scratched lip sites with 1×10~4 PFU.Overall,the body weight of mice showed an increasing trend.When the mice were infected by the virus,they lost weight.In subsequent phase of HSV-1 latent state,the mice recovered and their weight leveled off.The level of specific Ig G in serum of mice was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,and the Ig G in vaccinated mice group was significantly higher than that in control group,suggesting that the vaccine induced humeral immune response in mice.At the same time,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect the level of specific Ig A antibody level in the serum of mice.The results showed that the specific Ig A antibody level produced by mice in the vaccinated group was significantly higher than that in the control group,which suggested that the vaccine induced mucosal immune response in mice.Immunofluorescence experiment was conducted after frozen sections of small intestine of mice were collected for observation,and it was also observed that the intensity of green fluorescence of the vaccinated group was stronger than that of the control group,which again verified that the vaccine antigen was successfully delivered to the Microfold cell of the small intestine to elicit mucosal immunity.In this study,immunized mice were infected with HSV-1 to monitor the protective effect of the vaccine on mice.The preliminary evaluation result would lay the foundation for the follow-up experiment for vaccine development.The results of this study will also provide valuable information for the construction and improvement of other yeast surface display oral vaccines. |
PDF Full Text Request