| The change of landscape pattern is the result of interaction between natural factors and human factors.Studying the current situation and changes of landscape pattern can make us use land resources more scientifically and rationally and protect natural ecological environment.Nanhe National Wetland Park in Sichuan is the first approved national wetland park in our province.It plays an important role in purifying air,protecting water sources,adjusting local climate and maintaining biodiversity.It has become the back garden for the daily leisure and recreation of Guangyuan city residents,and it is also the window to reflect Guangyuan's image.Influenced by natural and human factors,the landscape pattern of Nanhe National Wetland Park in Sichuan changed obviously during the study period.In this study,Google's historical image data of Nanhe National Wetland Park in Sichuan in 2004(before planning and construction),2010 and 2016 were selected as source data,and the relevant basic data and statistical yearbooks and other data and documents of Nanhe National Wetland Park were compared.The landscape type dynamic changes and landscape pattern characteristics of Nanhe Wetland Park in 12 years were studied by using geographic information system platform,FRAGSTATS and SPSS software.To reveal the interrelation and laws among landscape pattern,functional structure,characteristics and changes of Nanhe Wetland Park,and to provide theoretical basis for decision-making in the management and development of Nanhe National Wetland Park.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Analysis and research based on landscape type area change and dynamic attitude,landscape transfer matrix dynamics and landscape component retention rate show that the total park area will remain unchanged from 2004 to 2016.Over the years,rivers have been the largest landscape type with the strongest stability.The area of farmland and residential land has all disappeared,mainly transferred to other types such as parks,greenbelts and roads.The conversion between farmland,residential land,public facilities land,park green space,forest land,lake pond and road is relatively obvious and the stability is relatively low,mainly because the landscape type is continuously converted to the artificial dominant landscape type due to the interference activities of park construction management and others.(2)Based on the landscape type distribution data of Nanhe Wetland Park in Phase III,a landscape pattern index is generated to analyze the landscape pattern characteristics in the study area.The study shows that the number and density of patches in Nanhe Wetland Park in Sichuan are on the rise and the degree of fragmentation is increasing during the study period 2004-2016.River landscape has always been the controlling landscape in the region,occupying an obvious dominant position,which is consistent with the actual situation that river wetland is the main landscape in the region.The average fractal dimension of plaque is low,which indicates that the plaque is interfered by human,the complexity of plaque shape is reduced,and tends to be regular,and the similarity of plaque shape is high.The contag index has decreased slightly year by year,indicating that the landscape connectivity has decreased and the landscape pattern is developing towards decentralization.However,Shannon diversity and Shannon evenness index both increased year by year,but their values were relatively low,indicating that the landscape in the region was more heterogeneous and distributed more evenly and orderly after transformation,but the landscape diversity was not rich enough.(3)Based on the analysis of the dynamic changes of landscape types,landscape pattern characteristics and evolution in this research period,and combined with other relevant data,we found problems in the landscape pattern of Nanhe Wetland Park and put forward a series of practical adjustment and optimization strategies. |
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