A Study On Eva1uations Of Living Environment Suitability In Southern Xinjiang Based On GIS

Living environment is not only the key space for human survival and development, but also the essential foundation for human civilization. Comfortable living environment is centurial factor for survival and development of human being. Living environment suitability is collection of the multidisciplinary subject, it not only including the natural suitability of living environment but also including suitability of socio-economic evaluation. Topography, climate, hydrology ,vegetation and other natural elements not only have a profound impact for quality of human living conditions, but concerned from another espect it also affects to the social and economic development and determine the suitability of the people's living environment. In this paper, use 3S technology, got help from the GIS Software, systematically summarized the theoretical basis and study results of living environment evaluation which carry on in home and in abroad. Applying the Comprehensive evaluationt model, took repeated simulation experiments and empirical analysis,through based on the grid data ,such as DEM, NDVI, the average many years temperature and precipitation, GDP, population etc carry on the following research:First Established concept of arid region development which based on sustainable development theory and self-organization theory. Second Study the characteristics and spatial distribution of each factor which have essential effect for living environment suitability. Third With the 1km×1km grid scale, directly reflected spatial distribution of Southern Xinjiang living environment suitability. At the end based on single factor evaluation model, comprehensive evaluation model and related models determined the appropriate scale of suitable living environment and achieved the visualization of its spatial pattern.The reaserch results show that: In the study area, most parts of Southern Xinjiang region more limited by natural environmental condition; it is not suitable for human survival. Utilized, been developed or been expropriated area is very limited. First, the spatial suitable combination of vegetation, topography, climate and other natural and Socio-economic factors, has an important role in the development and distribution of Living Environment in Southen Xinjiang; Second, the spatial distribution of population and the correlation between various evaluation factors were water> GDP> NDVI> slope> precipitation> temperature. It can be seen, the spatial distribution of water, vegetation cover such natural factors and GDP social factors are the most relevant factors, so for the purposes of study area the spatial distribution of water and vegetation has important mean for the distribution of natural factors and social factors and the their future development. Second, most parts of southern XinJiang affected by restrictions of natural environmental conditions. In the suitability of Living Environment for Southern Xinjiang, the proportion of high suitability area is least, which accounts for 3.092% of the total study area, second level suitable area accounts for 7.15%, third level suitable area accounts for 8.39%, less Suitable area and not suitable areas accounts for 81.17%. It indicates that, the natural environment is very bad; Third, in the whole study area except the oasis which has been developed, undeveloped pastoral zone has good natural development conditions and human settlements potential, but this region's ecological environment is rather fragile, so in the future development planning requires a lot of attention. Highest population density areas mainly concentrated central area of administrative region where located piedmont and river basin; The lowest suitable living environment for the study area is concentrated in the central desert and high mountains, the region's population distribution and population density is relatively low or even zero. Human settlements and suitability distribution was from northwest to southeast decreasing ladderly. Finally, the result of the research has taken, based on human settlements suitability in Southern Xinjiang, presented a preliminary optimization for sustainable human settlement`s development.