Suitability Evaluation Of Hunman Living Environment Turpan

With the region’s economic development and population increasing, the scale of human activities in space dimensions continues to expand.At the same time, the oasis as drought area special landscape also continues toexpand. All of that make the fragile ecological environment in the oasis area at which withlimited natural resources are faced with environmental destruction varying from different degrees.If people develop the area within certain limits as a constructive role, it will consolidate the oasis ecosystem with benign influence, providing comfortable living space for the production for the human in arid area.If the human pursue temporary economic benefits, regardless of the fragile nature of the environment, the oasis expanded to a certain degree at one day, we will unable to restore the ecological environment problems. It will have effect on oasis stability andbreak the oasis system. Therefore,to pursuit development, peple should pay attention to the plight of the ecological environment at the same time and also improve the human understanding of oasis and its law of development. Only with scientific and reasonable methods to plan and develop the oasis, correctly guide the people’s production and life concept have real meanning. This study based on the sustainable development theory, self-organization theory and human relations theory as the guiding ideology, using 3S technology, with the aid of GIS and ENVI, and summarizes the theoretical basis of the domestic and foreign research on the evaluation of human settlements. It also use the single factor evaluation and comprehensive evaluation model method which use Turpan area of DEM data, 1980~2011 years meteorological data, remote sensing image, river data, 2011 national population and GDP spatial distribution that based on raster map. First of all, constructing the evaluation index system for the living environment of Turpan area, and the establishment the basic database and index model, and calculate the slope, rainfall, temperature, hydrology, NDVI,GDP data layer by using the 1km×1km grid scale in Turpan area. Then based on the distribution and population index, the evaluation of various space, using single factor index evaluation with the number of evaluation index combining living environment suitability assessment model(jDS), analyze the impact on the living environment in Turpan area for each factor of the characteristics, study the spatial distribution and the regional suitability of human settlements scale and spatial distribution; At the end of the study, classify the area residential environment suitability, it means that comparison suitable area, suitable area, difficult to barely suitable area, suitable area. The results of the study show that:(1) The appropriate District: the habitat suitability index of the habitat environment is between 60~74.8, the mean is 67.4, and it is the suitable region for the habitat environment of the Turpan region. The elements of human settlements development has little effect in this region whereis the most suitable region for human activities, mainly distributed in the oasis of the lower reaches of the river and citied in two counties and one city and with the north more precipitation in the mountains as the center. It has a total area of a 536km2, accounted for 0.773% within the total area.(2) Barely suitable areas: living environment suitable index between 45-60, mean at 52.5, it is the poor region in Turpan area in living environment suitable. it is mostly influenced by the natural factors and social factors in the process of development of human settlement environment, and it mainly distributed in northern mountains with more precipitation, in middle area of the rivers and alsoon the southern side of the mountain spring water for irrigation, the total area has 836 km2, accounted for 1.206% of the total area.(3)Hardly suitable regions: suitable living environment index between 30 to 45,with a mean value of 37.5. It is an area of poor for human settlements in Turpan region, affected by the elements of the suitability of human settlements in a living have a great effect on the development environment. The region is not suitable for human survival and development, greatly restricted by the natural environment is. It mainly distributed in the study area of the South and north of the high mountains and desert, the Gobi desert on the edge of the area. Total area of 5797 km2, accounting for 8.361% of the total area.(4) Unsuitable area: living environment suitable index between the 12.4~30, mean at 21.2, is the worst suitable region of the Turpan area, living environment in this region, human survival seriously by the constraints of the environment, which is not suitable for human survival ant it is mainly distributed in the mountain and Piedmont Plain Desert Area of gravel and central hilly region, with a total area of a 62063 km2, accounted for 89.516% of the total area.Overall, the majority of the habitat environment in Turpan is limited by the natural environment, and it is not suitable for human survival and development,.It also limited by the potential of development and utilization. Therefore, in the process of development and utilization, people should do things in moderate.