The application of HSI models to evaluate wildlife habitat design in on-going aggregate mining operation

The surface mining process can result in opportunities to protect, conserve and manage fish and wildlife, and their habitats prior to, and following the mining operation This research utilizes habitat suitability index (HSI) model technology to numerically compare and evaluate pre-mining conditions with two post-mining designs for an on-going aggregate mining operation near Guelph, Ontario. Habitat scores for each of the three treatments were calculated based on the habitat requirements of twenty four target species over five biophysical associations: old field, open water, wetland/marsh, shrubland/woodland, and riparian patches. The HSI analysis indicated that the total habitat value of the existing design was lower than that of the existing conditions as a result of the creation of a deep and cold waterbody. Habitat scores for the alternative design substantially improved with alterations to the operation plan and the development of additional wetland patches. This research identifies specific issues which either diminish or improve the habitat value of reclaimed aggregate sites.