| Liquid swine manure, supplied by the Swine Research & Technology Center of the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, was treated by physical/chemical methods, including preliminary settling in an underground tank, coagulation, flocculation, and settling in an up-flow floc blanket clarifier, and lastly, filtration through patented Martin filters. Alum and cationic polymers were used as coagulant and coagulant aid, respectively. Bench and pilot-scale tests were performed for the optimization of treatment processes. In case of performing online control, relationships between electric conductivity (EC) and total phosphorus (TP)/total dissolved solids (TDS) were also investigated.; It was found that physical/chemical treatment was effective in removing the TSS (87% removal on average) and TP (90% removal on average), but had limited success in removing organic and nitrogen compounds. Ten hours preliminary settling was recommend before any treatment. EC could be used to predict TDS and TP in swine manure treatment. |
