Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle control strategies utilizing multiple peaking power sources

Conventional automobiles operate with the use of internal combustion engines (ICEs) which run on fossil fuels as a source of energy. However, the conventional ICE provides poor fuel economy, as well as producing air pollutants. A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) has the potential to run solely on free energy with zero emissions as long as it operates within its all electric range. Active control techniques must be used in order to ensure optimum efficiency of the PHEV once the ICE is operated.;The objective of the proposed research is to create a control strategy utilizing batteries as well as ultracapacitors suitable for a PHEV configuration. The control strategy will be evaluated through numerical models under several driving cycles as well as emergency maneuvers in order to ensure its effectiveness at reducing fuel consumption and improving engine efficiency.