Research On The Influence Of Public Education Expenditure On Income Distribution

Kerala has been declared as the only "fully literate state" in India since 1991.Moreover,the local government has been committed to promoting gender equality in education,so Kerala has also performed well in women’s education.This also made its education model highly respected in India.Nevertheless,the income gap in Kerala is constantly expanding,and the Gini coefficient which measuring the income gap of residents has increased from 0.24 in 1999 to 0.47 in 2015.How to alleviate the unfair income distribution has become the top priority of Kerala government.Many foreign scholars’ researches on Kerala State of India Focus on how Kerala State obtains the human development index comparable to developed countries based on the economic background of developing countries.Some scholars were devoted to the study of higher education in Kerala,such as the impact of female enrollment rate,university scale,teacher-student ratio and other factors in higher education on the economy,and some focus on the impact of vocational education and basic education on economic growth.However,few studies have explored the relationship between fiscal education expenditure and income distribution in Kerala at different levels.This paper will be based on the current situation of the development of education in various stages in Kerala State,with reference to the research review of income distribution by scholars at home and abroad,and based on the theory of human capital,use comparative analysis and empirical analysis to study the impact of education in various stages on the expansion of income gap in Kerala State.It will provide new research ideas for later researchers,expand the scope of research,and strengthen the theoretical persuasion of this paper.The main content of this article was divided into four parts: Firstly,the theoretical study of fiscal education expenditure on income distribution.This part clarifies the measurement of the income gap and expounds the rationality and necessity of education as the main method of government investment in human capital from the concept of human capital and the characteristics of human capital investment.Secondly,the analysis of Kerala’s situation.Based on the special cultural background of Kerala,the three social phenomena was explained: the high female sex ratio,the high human development index,and the lager income gap.The article also conducted research on various stages of education in Kerala,focused on describing the current state of fiscal expenditures at different stages of education.Thirdly,an empirical study of fiscal education expenditures on income distribution.Different from the previous analysis of the impact of each stage of education on income disparity separately,this paper built a model based on the time series data of Kerala over the past 17 years to explore the impact of general,secondary,high,and adult education fiscal expenditure on income distribution.Fourthly,take some measures to use fiscal education expenditures effectively in order to narrow the income gap.Based on the cultural background and social status of Kerala,and according to conclusions of empirical research,it makes corresponding recommendations for the financial expenditures of higher education and adult education.