The Research Of Econometrics In Measuring The Fairness Of Income Distribution Based On Gini Coefficient

In recent years,with the rapid development of economy in our country, the disparity of people's income has the tide of being more and more evident than before, and more researchers paid their attentions to the disparity of income distribution and measure index.At present, the measure index used in the world is Gini Coefficient based on the Lorenz curve which is an important index.The Gini Coefficient in our country has more than 0.4 which is the critical point in the worldwide, which standed for that our income disparity was terrible and it would affect the development of economy and social stability. However, when people paid their attentions to Gini Coefficient, they ignored the applicability and limitations, the reasons are two:first because the Gini Coefficient itself has calculated limitation, second because our urban and rural dual structure and the special time makes Gini Coefficient unsuitable for our country.Under that conditions, this paper studied several aspects of income distribution and economitrics.Firstly, this peper studied calculate method of Gini Coefficient which combine real data to calculate, namely approximation curve by polynomials. And the paper put forward two concepts of equal Gini Coefficient and average increasing point based on Gini Coefficient which can used in measuring fairness of income disparity, and this method has been proved by empirical study.Secondly, the paper studied the relationship between increasing of Gini Coefficient and people's living level and nation's economy development, studied the relationship between Gini Coefficient and Engel Coefficient and per capita GDP by using way of econometrics such as the method of Granger cause test, time series,linear regression, leading the conclusion that with the increasment of Gini Coefficient, people's living standards are improved,companied by the long term development of economy.Thirdly, this paper studied equal index. Though its theory provement is right, the real calculation may be wrong because of the differences between real data and theory require. Aiming at solve the problem, this paper put forward a method by using variance to measure income disparity, and proved the applicability. That's to say, we can use linear regression in econometrics,the slope of regression line measures the disparity in whole, and judgement coefficient measures inside disparity. And this method has been proved in theory and empirial two aspects.In a word, using ecnometrics to measure income distribution is a useful application of applied mathmatics in the field of econometrics, and it has some significance to practise.