Research On The Demand And Influencing Factors Of Rural Community Pension Service

Since the 1990 s,China’s aging problem has become increasingly serious.By the end of 2018,the number of people over 60 years old in China is 249.49 million,accounting for 17.9% of the total population,of which the number of people over 65 years old is 166.58 million,accounting for 11.9%.At the same time,it is worth noting that due to the continuous outflow of young labor,the decline of the total fertility rate,and the increase of the average life span of the population,China’s population structure has changed significantly,the aging of rural areas is more rapid,and the problem of rural pension is becoming more and more prominent.The real background and the strong role of national policies provide an opportunity for the development of rural community pension services.The characteristics of home-based and mutual assistance of community pension are not only the supplement and renewal of traditional family and institutional pension,but also the mode suitable for the actual situation of rural areas in China.It is also an important content of establishing a new rural pension service system and developing community services in China.However,the aging of our country is becoming more and more serious.Compared with the major developed countries in the world that have formed and improved the community home-based elderly care service system,the problems such as the large gap between urban and rural areas,the low level of development,the imbalance between supply and demand of community home-based elderly care service are gradually prominent.Based on CLHLS,national macro data and survey data,this paper uses descriptive analysis,comparative analysis and binary logit regression analysis to conduct empirical research on the demand status and influencing factors of rural community pension services.The analysis shows that: the supply and demand of community pension services are seriously unbalanced,and there are certain differences between urban and rural areas in the supply and demand.In terms of the supply of services,urban areas are significantly better than rural areas;by comparing the data of 2008,2011 and 2014,we can see that after a period of development,the supply of pension services in rural areas has reached a certain scale,but the supply is still difficult to meet the demand;As for the influencing factors of rural elderly community pension service demand,such as individual characteristics,health status,economic status and family status,the impact on specific community pension service projects is slightly different;exploring the relationship between family pension and community pension,we find that theaccessibility of family pension service has a certain substitution effect on community pension service However,in terms of health care services,the quality of family services and community services for the elderly have complementary effects.Based on the analysis results,the paper finally puts forward the policy recommendations for the development of rural community pension services.By expanding the coverage of community pension services,efforts should be made to narrow the gap between supply and demand;at the same time,the development of pension services should be inclined to the rural areas and pay attention to urban and rural equity of supply;broaden the supply sources of community pension services and clarify the main responsibilities of all parties;improve the quantity and quality of community pension services based on demand;explore new ways of community pension services and innovate pension service models;improve services To strengthen the education of the aged.