Survey On Bus Driver’s Work Time And Health In Guangzhou:Moderating Effect Of Microbreak Activities

Bus transportation is one of the most common and most important for the city residents travel,and an important part of the public service system in modern society.At present,the long working hours of bus drivers in Guangzhou have become a common phenomenon.Due to the special work of bus drivers,long-term work will increase their physical discomfort,psychological stress,and nervousness,which will not only affect the mental health of drivers,but also affect the operation of the public transport system and the safety of passenger travel.According to the effort-recovery model,drivers need to take break activities in time to ease the fatigue caused by work.The microbreak activities at work may be helpful for the fatigue relief of bus drivers,but scholars are currently lacking research on microbreak activities.This paper believes that the long working hours of bus drivers will damage their physical and mental health,and the microbreak activities at work can alleviate this negative impact.Therefore,this paper enriches the microbreak activity scale through interviews and semi-structure questionnaires.Through regression analysis,the influence mechanism of bus driver working time on their mental health status is explored,and the regulation effect of microbreak activities on the relationship between work time and health is verified.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Based on the actual work situation of the bus driver and the content of the in-depth interview,the micro-rest activity scale was revised to obtain a scale with 11 factors of four factors.The four factors were relaxation activity,nutrient intake,social activities and cognitive activities,and the Cronbach’s α coefficients of the scale were 0.883,0.856,0.671,and 0.762.(2)The average working time of bus drivers in Guangzhou reached 11.6 hours.The prevalence of possible psychosomatic problems in bus driver population in Guangzhou was much higher than that of general population,and the dimension of social dysfunction was relatively poor.(3)There was a significant difference in the demographic variables between bus drivers’ working hours and physical and mental health.In terms of working hours,drivers who under the age of 29,working under 11 years and unmarried worked more hours than other participants,and the health status of this group was also poor.(4)Long-time work had a negative impact on the general health of bus drivers,including somatic symptoms,insomnia and anxiety,social dysfunction and severe depression.Relaxation activities,nutrient intake and social activities played negative roles in moderating the relationship between work time and general health.