| With the transformation of China's tourism industry from sightseeing-oriented to holiday-oriented,the holiday-oriented tourism is increasingly valued by people.The coastal area is one of the preferred destinations for holiday-oriented tourism.Hence,the suitability evaluation of holiday-oriented tourism in coastal areas has become a basic research.It is of great significance for the developing and development of holiday-oriented tourism in coastal areas to systematically analyze the factors affecting the suitability of coastal holiday-oriented tourism,establish the suitability evaluation model,and quantitatively study the development potential of holiday-oriented tourism in coastal areas.Shandong Province is a coastal province in China,and the conditions for developing coastal holiday-oriented tourism are superior.Consequently,34 cities,districts and counties in Shandong Province are selected for empirical research,and the suitability of coastal holiday-oriented tourism development is analyzed,to find out the cities,districts and counties that are more suitable for developing coastal holiday-oriented tourism,which can provide support for the development of coastal holiday-oriented tourism in Shandong Province.On the basis of consulting the relevant literature and analyzing the influencing factors of the coastal holiday-oriented tourism,this paper selects the evaluation indexes of the coastal holiday-oriented tourism,determines the weight of each index through the combination of Delphi Method and AHP,and constructs the suitability evaluation model of the coastal holiday-oriented tourism.Calculating the criterion layer of each coastal city,district and county,i.e.,the score value and change rate of score value of ecological environment,economic environment,social environment and tourist attractions,by mean of ArcGIS,the spatial distribution and temporalchange characteristics of the criterion layer are analyzed through natural breakpoint classification method.On this basis,the spatial and temporal analysis and evaluation of the suitability for the coastal holiday-oriented tourism in Shandong Province are carried out.Finally,it analyzes the problems in the development of coastal holiday-oriented tourism in Shandong Province,and proposes the corresponding countermeasures.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of the coastal holiday-oriented tourism,the above influencing factors are summarized into four aspects: ecological environment,economic environment,social environment and tourist attractions,which constitute the criteria layer of the coastal holiday-oriented tourism evaluation model.The criterion layer is decomposed into 16 indexes in classification layer and45 indexes in index layer.The weights of each index are determined by Delphi Method and AHP.The suitability evaluation model of coastal holiday-oriented tourism is constructed.(2)The spatial and temporal analysis and evaluation of ecological environment,economic environment,social environment and tourist attractions in 34 cities,districts and counties of Shandong Province are carried out.Concerning the ecological environment quality,it gradually weakens from east to west;from the perspective of change trend,the ecological environment quality of 13 cities,districts and counties such as Dongying district has increased significantly in recent years,and that of7 cities,districts and counties such as Huancui district has increased slightly.It can be concluded that the analysis of economic environment,the cities,districts and counties with high quality of economic environment are mainly concentrated in Qingdao,Yantai,Weihai,etc.,while those with low quality of economic environment are mainly concentrated in Binzhou;when it comes to the change trend,the economic environment of 8 cities,districts and counties,including Jimo,has risen significantly,the rise of 14 cities,districts and counties,including Rongcheng,is relatively significant,and 12 cities,districts and counties,including Guangrao,has risen slightly.According to the analysis of social environment,the cities,districts and counties with high social environment quality are focused on Qingdao,Yantai,Weihai,and others,while the ones with low social environment quality are mainly in Binzhou;with respect to the trend of change,the social environment of 18 cities,districts and counties,such as Longkou,rises significantly,the rise of 10 cities,districts and counties,such as Huancui,is relatively significant,and that of 6 cities,districts and counties,such as Donggang,rises slightly.The analysis of tourist attractions shows that the distribution of tourist attractions is unbalanced,and the quality of tourist attractions in cities,districts and counties along the Yellow Sea coast is higher than that along the Bohai Sea coast as a whole;as for the trend of change,the promotion speed of tourist attractions along the coasts of the Yellow Sea is significantly faster than that in the coastal cities,districts and counties of the Bohai Sea.(3)Based on the spatial and temporal analysis of the suitability of coastal holiday-oriented tourism in Shandong province,the suitability of coastal holiday-oriented tourism in 34 cities,districts and counties is divided into 4 levels in line with the score value of the suitability,among which 8 cities,districts and counties such as Shinan district are the first level,and the suitability of coastal holiday-oriented tourism is very high;11 cities and counties,such as Shibei district,are in the second level,with high suitability for coastal holiday-oriented tourism.Licang district and the other 6 cities,districts and counties are the third level,and the suitability of coastal holiday-oriented tourism is relatively high.Guangrao county and another 9 cities,districts and counties are the fourth level,the suitability is low.In the light of the score change rate of the suitability,it is found from the analysis of the time change of the suitability for the coastal holiday-oriented tourism in Shandong Province that the suitability of the eight coastal cities,districts and counties such as Huangdao district,has increased significantly,the rise of suitability in the 8 cities,districts and counties,such as Shouguang district is relatively significant,and the suitability of the 18 cities,districts and counties,such as Zhanhua district,has increased slightly.(4)Combined with the development status of coastal holiday-oriented tourism in Shandong province,this paper analyzes the development conditions and existing problems of coastal holiday-oriented tourism in Shandong province,and puts forward countermeasures for the development of coastal holiday-oriented tourism in Shandongprovince from the perspective of improving the suitability of coastal holiday-oriented tourism.Referring to the study on the suitability evaluation of coastal holiday-oriented tourism,only the preliminary exploration is carried out in this paper.In the future research,the length of the time evolution process and the depth of the study need to be further deepened. |
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