Research On Rural Development Types And Rurality In Hunan Province Based On County Scale

The countryside is an important carrier of China's social and economic development.Agricultural stability,rural harmony,and peasants living in peace and contentment are decisive for the country 's prosperity and long-term stability.In the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,Comrade Xi Jinping demanded that solving the "three rural issues" should always be the top priority of the work of the whole party,fully implement the strategy of rural revitalization,adhere to the priority of agricultural and rural development,and accelerate the modernization of agricultural and rural areas.At present,China's rural areas are in a critical period of transformation and upgrading.In-depth study of rural development and transformation issues is of great significance for promoting the integration of urban and rural development and promoting rural revitalization.As a major agricultural province,Hunan Province is in a crucial position in the national food security strategy,and its rural development has typical regional characteristics.Since the "Rise of Central China" policy was proposed,the economic and social development of Hunan Province has improved significantly.However,there is still a large gap between urban and rural development,rural development is relatively backward,and development faces outstanding problems.This paper adopts econometric model and spatial analysis technology,taking 87 counties in Hunan Province as research units,from the perspective of “agriculture-rural-farmer”,and using socio-economic data and land-use data,firstly,the industries are used as carriers to divide the counties Types of rural development and analysis of their spatial differentiation and evolution process;Secondly,construct a rural evaluation index system to evaluate the rurality of Hunan Province from 2000 to 2016,reveal the rural development level at different points in each county;analyze the rural spatial and temporal The evolution characteristics of the pattern,and reveal the spatial correlation of the distribution of rural strength;explain the different characteristics and evolution process of the rural nature of different rural development types;and finally put forward different optimization control schemes according to the characteristics of the rural nature of different rural development types.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)From 2000 to 2016,the type of rural development in terms of time,the number of counties and cities with balanced development has always ranked first and showed a volatility downward trend,and the number of counties and cities with business travel services has been the smallest and shows a volatility growth.The trend is that the number of counties and cities with agriculturally dominant types shows a volatile growth trend,and the number of counties and cities with industrially dominant types shows a gradual upward trend;in terms of space,there is a relatively obvious spatial imbalance in the type of rural development in each county.The overall evolutionary characteristics present a trend of four rural development types moving from scattered to relatively concentrated.(2)The number of counties in the rural level has changed significantly in quantity.From 2000 to 2016,the number of rural counties in 87 counties in Hunan Province showed a weak rural and weaker rural nature,the middle rural nature remained basically the same,and the strong rural nature The trend of declining and strong rural nature is declining,and the overall rural nature is constantly weakening,and the mean value is continuously decreasing;spatially,the overall pattern of "west high and east low" is displayed at the four research time points,and the spatial aggregation of rural index Sexuality is steadily weakening while heterogeneity is continuously increasing;97% of counties and cities in the horizontal spatial evolution characteristic of rural sex are in a declining state,of which the number of counties and cities that are slowly declining is the largest,accounting for 76%,13% is in a state of fluctuating decline,very few The trend of rising fluctuations.(3)The strength of the villages in different types of rural development has the following distribution characteristics: The overall rural level of agricultural-dominated counties and cities is relatively high,mostly distributed around the periphery of the number of cities.The rural nature of industrial-led counties and cities is generally weak,scattered in the "3 + 5" urban agglomeration.The overall rural nature of business travel service-oriented counties and cities is relatively strong,with scattered distribution.The rural development level of the balanced development counties and cities is relatively uniform,and the difference in distribution between the east and the west is obvious.(4)The optimization and regulation of rural development in different types of rural development.For agricultural-led counties,it is necessary to adopt a production and management method that retains some traditional agriculture,and is courageous and innovative.For industrial-led counties and cities,we need to guide them towards intensive,agglomerated and ecological development.Counties and cities with business and travel services have similarities with counties and cities with balanced development.The counties and cities that belong to them have poor agricultural or industrial foundations and lack the support of characteristic industries.These counties and cities should be encouraged to explore their own characteristic industries according to local conditions.