| China's society entered the aging process around 2000,and the number of elderly groups increased year by year,bringing great pressure to China's pension system.Summing up the characteristics of China's aging population,it is found that China's aging population is facing a very severe situation.The elderly population has a large base,a high growth rate and a high proportion of the elderly population,and these characteristics are particularly obvious in China's rural areas.China's rural old-age care is facing difficulties such as outflow of young labor force,collapse of family structure and increase of family old-age care pressure.The adoption of family old-age care is bound to introduce the mainstream stage.Institutional old-age care has poor practical applicability in rural areas and does not have the possibility of universal development.Neither family pension nor institutional pension can solve the growing problem of pension.Mutual pension appears in rural areas of our country.As a pension model born in rural areas,it can adapt well to rural characteristics.This paper starts with the rural happiness hospital in QJ village of Jiangxi province,based on the field survey of QJ village and the questionnaire survey of the elderly in QJ village mutual happiness hospital,finds the contradiction between supply and demand,analyzes the causes of the contradiction,and puts forward the development countermeasures and suggestions of the pension mode.First,this article introduces the research background and research significance of the pension model,and expounds the relevant research results at home and abroad,explains the innovation of this article,defines the basic concepts of rural mutual pension model and demand,and defines the level of demand used in this article.Theories,public product theory and supply-demand balance theory are elaborated,which lays a solid theoretical foundation for subsequent research.Secondly,a brief introduction to QJ Hutong Happiness Home,explaining the basic situation of the Happiness Home and its construction process,and explaining the operation mode of the elderly care of the Happiness Home,through the first round of questionnaire survey on the elderly in the Happiness Home,to obtain the QJ Village Happiness Home Physiology,Security,emotion,self-respect and self-fulfillment demand.Then the second round of questionnaire survey was carried out,taking the elderly in QJ village as the research object,and investigating their physiological,safety,emotional and self-respect and self-realization needs.Based on the questionnaire survey,describe the problems of the old-age service and analyze the reasons for the problems.The problems include the contradiction between the universality of physiological demand and the limitation of supply,the high demand of safety demand and the low supply Contradiction,the contradiction between diverse emotional demand and a single supply,the urgency of respecting and self-realizing demand,and the contradiction between supply delay.The causes include the lack of supply matching demand,the asymmetry of supply and demand,the asymmetry of management and personnel and demand,and the imbalance of diversified demand and single supply.Finally,based on the public product theory,a clear mechanism for the supply of old-age resources is proposed:increasing the amount of old-age resources to increase the total supply and integrating the old-age resources to optimize the supply of old-age services;based on the theory of demand hierarchy,it is proposed to establish a feedback mechanism for old-age needs:regularly survey the old-age needs of the elderly and accurately identify the old-age Demand and stimulate the potential needs of the elderly,based on the supply-demand balance theory,it is proposed to build a smart pension system compatible with supply and demand:smart demand transmission,smart pension resource matching,and create an aging pension service system. |
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