Investigation Report Of Plum Industry In Jilin Province

Plum is native to China and is one of the oldest fruit trees in China.In recent years,with the expansion of reform and opening up,the adjustment of agricultural industry structure and the decline of traditional advantage fruit benefit,plum because of quick effect,easy management,high yield,both economic benefits,social benefits,ecological benefits and other advantages are highly valued by the government and fruit farmers.Plums have been cultivated for more than 100 years in jilin province.Its vast land resources and favorable climate environment provide a foundation for plum production and play an important role in rural revitalization and poverty alleviation.However,plum cultivation in jilin province has been in a closed state for a long time,which seriously restricts the healthy development of plum industry.In this paper,the status quo of plums in resources,breeding,production and market in jilin province was clarified by combining the method of consulting data and field investigation,the existing problems in the development of plum industry in jilin province were summarized,and reasonable suggestions were put forward to provide scientific basis for the sustainable development of plum industry in jilin province in the future.The main findings are as follows:1.There are 5 species of plums in jilin province,about 100 varieties and types,among which 12 are wild and semi-wild varieties,35 are excellent varieties,and 52 are breeding and introducing new varieties.The use of resources can be divided into direct use and indirect use.2.The breeding work in jilin province began in the mid-1950 s.The breeding methods are seed selection,cross breeding and germ selection.So far,24 varieties have been bred.The transformation of breeding achievements was accelerated through scientific and technological innovation,technical training and demonstration.3.The cultivation of plum in jilin province has gone through the period from primitive self-feeding sporadic domestication to commercial small-scale intensive cultivation,and is now in the transition period to modern production.The composition of varieties is the superior lines selected and popularized by farmers and the artificially selected or introduced varieties.There are some problems in the production,such as unreasonable site selection,improper planting method,improper pruning,irregular fertilizer use,untimely pest and disease control,and extensive management of flowers and plants.Based on the soil and climate conditions of jilin province,the province is divided into four producing areas: the humid area of the central plain,the hilly and mountainous area in the east,the arid area of the western plain,and the alpine and cold area of changbai mountain.,and planting varieties are recommended according to the characteristics of varieties.4.The common storage method in jilin province is low temperature storage,followed by chemical storage and biological storage.The processing field is almost blank.Fresh plum supply period is short,the annual price gap is large,the sales model is fixed.Consumers are more concerned about the quality,safety,variety and length of supply.