Research On The Change And Protection Of Farmers' Rights And Interests In The Rural Homestead Exiting Under The "Three Right Separation"

Since the reform and opening up,with the sustainable development of urban and rural economy,the rural production relationship and the income distribution structure of farmers have undergone great changes.Part of the land for production has been transferred from the contracted operation of farmers' joint production to the operation of companies or agricultural cooperatives and other operating organizations for the agricultural modernization.Lots of peasants separated from agricultural production and move to cities to work or start businesses.Most of them have bought houses in the city,but their rural homestead is idle.Therefore,it is imperative to withdraw the homestead.At present,China's social security system is not sound enough.In the process of withdrawal of homestead,the right of participation,the right to know,the right to speak and other rights of farmers who are the main body of withdrawal are at a disadvantage.Their main status is ignored and their will is not respected.The problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers have always been attached great importance in China.The protection of farmer households' rights and interests is the key issue of rural revitalization.For many years,the No.1 central document has emphasized the protection of farmers' rights and interests,especially the strategy of "rural revitalization" and " three right separation " policy of homestead in the central file No.1 in 2018.It is of great significance to safeguard the rights and interests of farmers and the stable development of rural society.Referring to the previous research results and combining with the policy of " three right separation" in homestead,this paper designs a questionnaire from the aspects of economy,ecological environment and psychology.According to the withdrawal status of homestead in recent years,28 natural villages in the east,middle and west of Jilin province were selected for research.In this survey,200 questionnaires were distributed,186 questionnaires were valid.Data statistical software such as DPS were used to sort out and analyze the questionnaires.Among them,the economic status,ecological environment(living space and natural landscape)and psychological status show a downward trend Housing,security,community and other factors are rising.According to the investigation results,the reasons for the damage to farmers' rights and interests are analyzed as follows: the relevant laws are not sound,the ownership subject is not clear,the government intervention and other external reasons,and the farmers' rights and interests protection awareness is deficient and other internal reasons.Combining with the national policy,laws and regulations and related literature research,this paper put forwards some suggestions,such as setting up scientific compensation standard,social security and employment support farmers,improving the relevant laws and regulations,clearring property right main body,strengthening the government's ability to care for and improving farmers' rights consciousness and so on,so as to safeguard the rights and interests of farmers,and promote rural development and rural poverty alleviation engines.