| Agricultural insurance,as an effective agricultural risk guarantee mechanism,is one of the three pillars of modern agricultural development.Since 2007,China's agricultural insurance has been strongly supported by the national policy,gradually shifting from commercial insurance to policy-based agricultural insurance.After more than ten years,it has achieved remarkable achievements,but there are also many problems.Innovation has become the best way to solve the contradiction of agricultural insurance.Agricultural weather-indexed insurance comes into being under the background of innovation of agricultural insurance.The topic of this paper is based on the optimization analysis of drought-indexed insurance products of cattle and sheep in grassland pastoral areas under the background of innovation of agricultural insurance.The insurance indexed the impact of drought risk on the cost of cattle and sheep raising.It underwrites the loss of the increased cost of raising cattle and sheep,which occurs when the insurance objects raised by the insured was forced to change from traditional free-range to House-feeding or half-house-feeding because of drought.Compared with other agricultural insurance,it fills the gap of domestic insurance in the same field.It is the first time that China has changed the traditional practice of farming insurance to compensate for the insurance objects' diseases and deaths.The insurance was piloted in Ulagai administrative of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2015,and then extended to Hulun Buir,Ordos and Xilingol.On the basis of predecessors' research,this paper reviews the relevant theoretical knowledge of insurance and meteorology.Through data analysis and field investigation,it is known that although the product continues to escort the insurance objects of the pilot pastoral areas and provide insurance protection for the herdsmen in the pilot areas.It is precisely because the product is in the pilot stage,and there are some defects in product design and production,the commodity management is not mature enough as well.So some problems are emerging and need to be optimized urgently.Therefore,this paper carries out research from two aspects of insurance product itself and product management,and puts forward optimization suggestions in order to promote the sustainable development of the insurance to realize its socialization and marketization,so as to better serve the production and livelihood of pastoral herdsmen.The paper consists of seven parts,as follows:Chapter one: Introduction.This part introduces the background and significance of this paper in detail.It summarizes the basis of previous researches and explains the significance of drought-indexed insurance product optimization research of cattle and sheep in grassland pastoral areas.Then it introduces the research scope,content and methods.Finally,I summarize the innovation and shortcomings of this paper.Chapter two: Concept definition,theoretical basis and policy analysis.This part first defines the concept of index insurance,agricultural weather-indexed insurance and drought-indexed insurance of cattle and sheep in grassland and pastoral areas;then introduces the agrometeorological theory,consideration theory and run theory;finally,I hackle the relevant policies of agricultural insurance and the requirements of agricultural insurance in No.1 document of the Central Committee over the years,which provides the theoretical basis and policy direction for the optimization of the insurance products.;Chapter three: The emergence and development of drought-indexed insurance of cattle and sheep in grassland pastoral areas.This part focuses on the background of cattle and sheep drought-indexed insurance products in grassland pastoral areas.Then,the author analyses the drought risk and its characteristics,demonstrates the relationship between drought risk and feeding cost loss faced by the insured,expounds the insurance liability of the insurance,and finally analyses the advantages of the insurance.Chapter four: Analysis of drought-indexed insurance of cattle and sheep in grassland pastoral area based on field investigation.This part uses data analysis and field research to analyze the current pilot status of the insurance,summarizes the main problems existing in the insurance product from two aspects of product design and product management,and lays the foundation for the optimization analysis of the problems in the next chapter.Chapter five: The optimization strategy of product design.This chapter is divided into three sections,aiming at the problem of product design in the fourth part.Firstly,taking Xilinguole grassland pastoral area in Inner Mongolia as an example,this part carries out empirical optimization analysis on the insurance rate of drought-indexed insurance products in grassland pastoral area.This section chooses the meteorological data of Xilinguole from 1979 to 2018 for 40 years,uses SPEI model,run theory,Kriging interpolation method and R software,SURFER software and GIS technology to divide the risk zone of Xilingole grassland pastoral area,and calculate pure rate of different risk zone;The second section is to optimize the premium structure and the third section is to optimize the terms.Chapter six: The optimization strategy of product management.This chapter is divided into four sections,aiming at the problem of product management in the fourth part.First,we need to establish a publicity linkage mechanism to improve herdsmen's awareness of the insurance.Second,we need to promote the construction of insurer's service capacity.Third,we need to establish a "long-term contract" mechanism.Fourth,we need to actively improve policy system support and financial subsidy support.Chapter seven: Prospects.Based on the analysis of the first six parts,this paper puts forward the prospect of drought-indexed insurance of cattle and sheep in grassland pastoral areas in China in order to provide a reference for the future research direction of drought index insurance of cattle and sheep in grassland pastoral areas in China.On the basis of previous researches,the possible innovations are as follows:(1)Innovation in topic selection.This paper is based on the optimization analysis of drought-indexed insurance products in grassland and pastoral areas under the background of agricultural insurance product innovation.Unlike other weather index insurance products,this insurance product is an index of the impact of meteorological factors on the feeding cost of insurance objects.There are fewer scholars studying this topic at present,So this is not only the innovation of this paper,but also the shortage of this paper.(2)Innovation in research method.Regarding the method of drought risk zoning,many literatures and researches have chosen relative humidity index(M index),precipitation anomaly percentage,standardized precipitation index(SPI),and Palmer drought index.In fact,SPEI is more applicable to the risk zoning in grassland and pastoral areas.In this paper,we use SPEI,run theory,Kriging interpolation method,R software,SURFER software and GIS technology to divide the different risk zone in Xilingol grassland pastoral area.On the basis of this risk zoning,this paper briefly puts forward the corresponding optimization ideas for the pure rate,and provides a reference method for similar research in the future.(3)Other InnovationsIn order to implement the requirement of "five openness" and "three to the household" of policy-based agricultural insurance,the article optimizes the existing product terms and operation mode,and provides reference for the future operation mode of policy-based agricultural insurance and other policy-based agricultural insurance.(1)The premium structure is optimized and the optimization scheme is given.(2)Put forward the selectable clause of "currency compensation" + "physical compensation",and present the implementation plan.(3)Propose the establishment of a "long-term" contract mechanism,and provide the implementation plan. |
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