| Objective:Understand the ability of public participation in food safety supervision in Shanxi Province at present stage,through the analysis that may affect food safety regulation of public participation ability,the main factors for targeted to improve food safety supervision in Shanxi Province public participation ability put forward countermeasures and suggestions,and then to realize the active and effective public participation in food safety supervision to provide the reference.Method:1.Literature research method:Through searching and sorting out relevant research literature and materials at home and abroad,this paper sorts out the research on public participation ability of food safety supervision,summarizes the important concepts and basic theories involved,and strengthens the background and foundation of this research as much as possible.2.Questionnaire survey:A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 3,068 people from 60 counties and districts of 119 counties(districts/county-level cities)in Shanxi Province to conduct a questionnaire survey on the public participation capacity of food safety supervision in Shanxi Province,including the public participation awareness,participation knowledge and participation skills of food safety supervision.Using the software EpiData3.0,2982valid questionnaires were entered and a database was established,and the software SPSS20.0 was used for statistical analysis.Descriptive analysis of the status quo of public participation capacity of food safety supervision in Shanxi Province.For the demographic characteristics and main factors that may affect the public participation ability,the univariate analysis mainly uses the t test,analysis of variance and the Pearson correlation analysis;the multivariate analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis.The questionnaire has a good reliability,and the Cronbach?coefficient is0.717.Results:1.The survey results of public awareness of participation show that although96.9%of people said they would pay attention to food safety incidents to varying degrees,but they only focus on some simple information such as production date and shelf life;68.7%of people believe that the frequent occurrence of food safety problems is due to consumers'weak awareness of food safety and insufficient participation;57.6%of people choose not to complain;only 22.3%of people said they are satisfied with government supervision.The public participation knowledge survey results show that only 30.5%of people understand food safety knowledge;in the survey of food safety knowledge cognition total score,43.7%of people have low cognitive ability(0-5 points);The Food Safety Law has less knowledge,only 13.3%of people understand it;among the 2,982 respondents,the most knowledgeable:food poisoning first aid knowledge(65.9%),food safety nutrition knowledge(63.1%),etc..The survey on the status of public participation skills shows that only 32.6%of people think they have the ability to identify;the survey results of public access to food safety related information channels show that the public mainly relies on mobile phones(70.3%),TV programs(67.5%)to obtain food safety information.Official news(40.8%)is its most trusted source of information.2.Through univariate analysis,people with different genders,places of residence,marital status,education level,occupation,age,and income have different public participation awareness,knowledge,and discernment in food safety supervision:rural areas,widowhood,people with junior high school and below,?65years old and per capita monthly income of?500 yuan have relatively low participation awareness;rural areas,middle-aged and elderly people(41-64 years old??65 years old),junior high school and below,agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery breeding industry and government or the public sector,low-income(?500?501-4000 yuan)people have low awareness of food safety-related knowledge;rural residents have relatively low food safety identification capabilities.Pearson correlation analysis found that there was a low positive correlation between food safety related knowledge and public participation ability(r=0.409,P(27)0.001).The higher the public's awareness of food safety knowledge,its food safety supervision.The ability to participate in the competition will also increase.3.Through multiple linear regression analysis,the degree of education,per capita monthly income,public participation awareness of food safety supervision and knowledge of food safety related knowledge can be used to explain the proportion of public participation capacity in food safety supervision is 75.2%(adjustment R~2=0.752),the regression equation model built is better.Conclusions:1.The public is concerned about food safety but its awareness of participation in actual supervision and awareness of legal rights protection is weak,knowledge of food safety related knowledge and laws and regulations is less,food safety identification ability is lacking,and access to food safety related information is single.In summary,the public participation capacity of food safety supervision in Shanxi Province is relatively low.2.The degree of education,monthly income per capita,public participation awareness of food safety supervision and awareness of food safety related knowledge are the main factors affecting the participation of public food safety supervision.The higher the level of education,the higher the income,the greater the public's awareness of participation,and the higher the public's awareness of food safety-related knowledge,the better the ability to increase public food safety supervision.3.Based on the above research,it is recommended to enhance the participation of public food safety supervision in Shanxi Province from the following aspects:(1)strengthening public awareness,responsibility and legal awareness of food safety supervision;(2)improving public knowledge about food safety cognition and strengthening popularization of law;(3)broadening access to information and channels for participation in regulation,and enhancing public participation skills. |
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