Research On The Influence Of China's Commercial Banks' Asset And Liability Structure On Its Profitability

As an important bridge for financial intermediation,assets and liabilities are the most important business to the commercial banks.Therefore,the structure of assets and liabilities is also particularly important for commercial banks.The proportion of each part of the asset-liability structure determines the source of funds and the final income of commercial banks.However,with the development of the new normal economy,China's economic downward pressure has increased.China's commercial banks are facing many problems such as interest rate marketization reform and Internet finance.These problems have affected the structure of assets and liabilities of China's commercial banks.Therefore,commercial banks should effectively adjust the assets and liabilities structure to effectively solve many problems faced by the new economic normal,so that China's commercial banks can adapt the development of social economy and ensure to balance the three characteristics: liquidity,safety and profitability.Firstly,this paper reviews the development process of commercial banks' asset-liability management theory.Secondly,the article analyzes the current situation of the commercial banks' asset-liability structure in China.this paper analyzes its impact on the profitability of commercial banks from the perspective of debt structure and asset structure.Then,this paper analyzes other factors affecting the profitability of commercial banks.After that,this paper selects the 2008-2017 data of 22 listed commercial banks in China.The dependent variable is ROA.The independent variables are from the asset-liability structure.The data model and empirical research show that the asset-liability ratio is negatively correlated with the profitability of commercial banks.The proportion of loan assets and the proportion of deposits is positively correlated with the profitability of commercial banks.Finally,from the perspective of asset-liability structure,it puts forward a series of countermeasures and suggestions for the development of China's commercial banks.China's commercial banks should improve the asset-liability structure,strengthen the ability to cope with the economic environment and ensure the balance of the three characteristics to develop and increase its profitability.