| As an important component of the financial system,commercial banks have a large amount of financial resources,usually they are the source of funds.But in recent years,as the real economy has declined,banks have been going to seek profit margins,investing much money in financial products,and in order to expand their size,banks even take use of the interbank market to make capital idling.Short-term borrowing,mortgage loans and inter-bank business,etc.,the bank’s capital chain has been continuously stretched,financial institutions,non-financial institutions and individuals are all involved,and the layers of leverage are superimposed.However,there are very complicated risks behind this barbaric rising leverage.Once the risk is triggered,it will lead to financial systemic risks and even large-scale economic crises.In order to avoid,control risks and stabilize the financial market,it is imperative to impose pressure on commercial banks.The paper is an in-depth understanding of the definition and classification of the asset-liability structure of commercial banks.It combines the theory and the real to analyze the risk impact of high leverage.Then it analyzes the effects brought by the reform policy on assetliability structure and related bank elements of small and medium-sized commercial banks through empirical research.What kind of impact has been caused? And what is the adjustment of the internal structure of commercial banks’ assets and liabilities under the pressure of strict supervision? The research of this paper shows that under the background of deleveraging policy,the leverage ratio of commercial banks shows a trend of slow decline,which is mainly caused by a series of performance indicators that restrict the financial service business,off-balance-sheet business and inter-bank business.On the asset side,commercial banks have chosen more investment assets with low capital consumption;the debt side,the same as assets,has been rising in total,but the growth rate has gradually slowed down.The internal structure of liabilities has grown from a simple deposit product to a diversified wealth management product.Bond and other liabilities have a higher share of the commercial bank’s balance sheet.However,as the leverage ratio is included in the performance indictor,the interbank deposit receipts are included in the MPA and other rigid constraints,the commercial bank’s liabilities are under pressure to contract.The performance of commercial banks that rely on leverage to obtain margins in the short term is also adversely affected.The liquidity of small and medium-sized commercial banks has risen after the reform,but the level of profitability is bound.The rapid increase in leverage of commercial banks has brought out systemic risks,which will fundamentally lead to an increase in the cost of the real economy.Various regulatory policies aimed at “de-leveraging” have strengthened short-term regulation and made the de-leveraging of commercial banks effective;but in the long run,long-term regulatory mechanisms should be established in the future.The next step is to reform and establish a sound financial regulatory framework for financial markets to adapt to the evolution and sustainability of modern financial markets.Commercial banks should also delve into the business,in order to maintain compliance and legal business operations,it is necessary to find new profit points and make breakthroughs. |
