| The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is a major national strategy while the division of functions is the focus of coordinated development.The Functional complementarity and division of labor in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have historical inheritance and practical necessity.The formation of the existing pattern is not only the result of dependence on the development path of the past,but also is influenced by the collective effect of administrative forces and market forces.Historically,Beijing was functioning as the core in the “Capital Circle” while other cities were playing supporting roles around it.The cities formed around Beijing are attracted and influenced by the capital.The needs of the capital determine their growth and function of these cities,and these cities affect the development of the capital in turn.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,the development process of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei functional division can be divided into three stages: the homogeneous development stage under the planned economic system from 1949 to 1978;the exploration and construction stage of the functional division mechanism from 1979 to 2014;the implementation stage of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development strategy since 2014.The functions of Beijing have double attributes as city and capital at the same time.Since the establishment of the country,its function positioning mentioned at early stage as the “economic center” has been influenced by the industrialization process and the development foundation.The positioning evolution shows the same trend as other capitals in the world in the urbanization process in which the development focus shifts from manufacturing to service industry.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is a typical “dual-core drive” which includes two cores of Beijing and Tianjin,working together as the economic center.Tianjin's positioning and urban development are affected by Beijing.And the competition and cooperation between the two have a great impact on the overall development level of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration.The development of cities in Hebei Province is influenced by the polarization effects and diffusion effects of the central cities of Beijing and Tianjin.And the functional orientation of each city is influenced by its own advantages and interactions with other cities within the region.Inspecting the functional complementarity and division of labor in the BeijingTianjin-Hebei region in years of 1993,2000,2008 and 2016,it can be found that Beijing's competitive industry is scientific research and integrated technical service industry,and the production service industry is relatively developed in Beijing.Tianjin's competitive industry is manufacturing.In Tangshan City,Zhangjiakou City and Chengde City,competitive industries are mainly in the primary and secondary industries.In Tangshan City and Handan City,the competitive industry is mining industry,and Langfang City and Hengshui City's competitive industries are agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery.Most of the transitions in the social service industry in each city from non-basic industries to basic industries occurred in the period 2000-2008.Cities whose dominant industries are the primary industry and the secondary industry seperately are complementary.The complementary relationship between Beijing and other cities is greater than that of other cities.From 1993 to 2016,the degree of functional complementarity between cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region increased overall.The pattern of urban and rural functional division of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei can be optimized from the following aspects: combining market forces and government forces together,building regional interest sharing and coordination mechanisms,grasping the trend of industrial chain division and effectively combining transportation development with industrial development thus strengthening the relationships between each other. |
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