Land Finance、disequilibrium Of Urbanization And Urban-rural Income Gap

In theory,urbanization is a complex process of gathering population,land and other factors into cities.The balanced development of urbanization is an important mechanism to narrow the urban-rura lincome gap.However,at present,urbanization in China is facing the unbalanced development of population urbanization and land urbanization,which does have a certain impact on the economic urban-rural development.Especially under the restriction of the current performance appraisal mechanism,in order to achieve the short-term growth goal,the local government will be keen on the land-centered economic development model,which will lead to the rapid expansion of urban space.The land financial income obtained by spatial expansion is often used to invest in the infrastructure construction of cities and industrial parks,which weakens the pulling effect of cities on the urbanization of agricultural transfer population and lags behind the process of population urbanization.It aggravates the unbalanced development of urbanization and thus acts on the difference between urban-rural areas.The land financial income obtained by spatial expansion is often used to invest in the infrastructure construction of cities and industrial parks,which weakens the pulling effect of cities on the urbanization of agricultural transfer population and lags behind the process of population urbanization.It aggravates the unbalanced development of urbanization and thus acts on the difference between urban and rural areas.First,on the basis of literature research,this paper constructs a social welfare function,which includes the urban and rural economic output,to analyze the effect of the land fiscal distribution on the urban-rural income gap,and to analyze the effect of the unbalanced development of the urbanization on the urban-rural income gap,and put forward the corresponding research hypothesis.Secondly,the provincial macro sample data of China from 2000 to 2015 are selected,and the land finance,urbanization imbalance and urban-rural income gap are empirically tested at the national and regional levels.The analysis shows that:(1)Land finance does have the effect of expanding the urban-rural income gap.Compared with the eastern region,the influence coefficient of the central and western regions is greater.(2)Under the condition of rapid urbanization,the unbalanced development of population urbanization and land urbanization in China will also significantly expand the income gap between urban and rural areas,which has obvious heterogeneity in the eastern andcentral and western regions.Under the long-term dual structure of urban and rural areas,the process of the farmers’ urbanization is hindered,and the transfer of the agricultural population tends to lack the necessary professional skills and the ability to enter the formal employment market,thereby expanding the urban-rural income gap.(3)The increase in the scale of land finance will aggravate the impact of urbanization imbalance on the urban-rural income gap.This is because the realization process of land finance is actually the process of land urbanization,which leads to the continuous compression of rural development space.At the same time,most of the land expenditure is used in the construction of the infrastructure of the city and the industrial park,and the expenditure of the related public service of the urbanization of the population is neglected,the unbalanced development of the urbanization is intensified,and the rural residents do not enjoy the same social and welfare benefits as the urban residents,so as to expand the urban-rural income gap.Finally,based on the results of theoretical and empirical analysis,the article deepens the reform of the financial system,reasonably divides the financial power and power,establishes the correct assessment guidance,formulates the reasonable performance appraisal mechanism,corrects the city bias policy,optimizes the financial revenue and expenditure structure,and optimizes the financial revenue and expenditure structure.Deepening the reform of land system and perfecting the system of land expropriation put forward corresponding suggestions to promote the balanced development of urbanization and narrow the difference between urban and rural areas.