The Impact Of The Rural Entrepreneurial Environment On The Entrepreneurial Willingness Of Returning Migrant Workers

The report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that “support and encourage peasants’ employment and entrepreneurship”.In 2019,“document No.1” of the Central Committee put forward “supporting rural innovation and entrepreneurship” and encouraged farmers working abroad to return to the countryside for innovation and entrepreneurship.Therefore,under the current policy background,it is of great significance to study the relationship between rural entrepreneurship environment,entrepreneurship ability and entrepreneurship intention of returning migrant workers in order to stimulate their entrepreneurship intention and promote their entrepreneurship activities.On the basis of sorting out and analyzing GEM model theory,entrepreneurship theory and planned behavior theory,this paper constructs the research framework of the relationship between rural entrepreneurship environment,entrepreneurship ability of returning migrant workers and entrepreneurship intention,and compiles the measurement scales of rural entrepreneurship environment,entrepreneurship ability and entrepreneurship intention combined with rural entrepreneurship situation,and through exploratory factor scores.The conceptual structure of rural entrepreneurship is clarified.The results show that rural entrepreneurship environment is a three-dimensional structure composed of policy and institutional environment,social and cultural environment,economic and financial environment,and entrepreneurial ability is a four-dimensional structure composed of opportunity identification ability,organizational management ability,strategy and commitment ability and learning ability.The descriptive and statistical analysis of the variables shows that the social and cultural environment is better,the policy and institutional environment and the economic and financial environment need to be improved;the strategy and commitment ability,learning ability,opportunity identification ability and organizational management ability of returning migrant workers are stronger than the general level;and the entrepreneurial aspiration of returning migrant workers is stronger.Then,we use structural equation model to further study the relationship between rural entrepreneurship environment,entrepreneurial ability and entrepreneurial intention of returning migrant workers.The results show that: first,rural entrepreneurship environment has a direct positive and significant impact on entrepreneurial ability of returning migrant workers.Policy and institutional environment has a significant impact on the opportunity identification ability and organizational management ability of returning migrant workers.Social and cultural environment,economic and financial environment have a direct positive and significant effect on the four dimensions ofentrepreneurial ability of returning migrant workers.Secondly,entrepreneurship ability of returning migrant workers has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurship intention.The four dimensions of entrepreneurship ability of returning migrant workers have a direct positive effect on entrepreneurship intention of returning migrant workers.Thirdly,the rural entrepreneurship environment as a whole has little direct and positive impact on the entrepreneurship willingness of returning migrant workers.However,in addition to the policy and institutional environment,the social and cultural environment,economic and financial environment in the rural entrepreneurship environment have a direct and significant positive impact on the entrepreneurial willingness of returning migrant workers.Fourthly,entrepreneurship plays a completely mediating role in the impact of rural entrepreneurship environment on the entrepreneurial willingness of returning migrant workers.Opportunity recognition ability and organizational management ability all play a complete intermediary role in the impact of policy and institutional environment on entrepreneurial intention.The four dimensions of entrepreneurial ability of returning migrant workers play a partial intermediary role in the impact of social and cultural environment,economic and financial environment on entrepreneurial intention.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions: first,actively build an entrepreneurship platform,and increase policy support for returning home entrepreneurship in tax,land use,training and other aspects,promote the optimization of policy and institutional environment,stimulate the entrepreneurial willingness of returning migrant workers;second,build a good social and cultural environment,create an atmosphere where everyone can start their own businesses and become rich,and change the returning farmers.Third,to provide a good economic and financial environment for returning migrant workers,encourage financial innovation,optimize credit structure,broaden financing channels,and solve the problem of insufficient funds.Fourthly,we should cultivate the ability of returning migrant workers to learn,identify opportunities and finance,enhance their entrepreneurial ability and enhance their entrepreneurial willingness.