Research On The Influence Of Product Quality Heterogeneity On Relative Wage Gap

With the development of China's economy and international trade,scholars no longer only focus on trade at the macro level,but on the heterogeneity of export product quality.And the heterogeneity of product quality will affect the demand for labor with different technical levels,resulting in changes in their wage levels.Whether product quality heterogeneity will affect the relative wage gap between enterprises has become the starting point of this paper.This paper mainly discusses the impact of product quality heterogeneity on the relative wage gap,the full text is divided into five parts.The first part outlines the research background and significance of this paper,then combs the existing research results into a literature review,and describes the research content,ideas and research methods used in this paper,and finally points out the possible innovation of this paper.The second part is the mechanism analysis part.It briefly analyzes the formation of the relative wage gap from the two aspects of enterprise heterogeneity and labor heterogeneity.Then it expounds the influence mechanism of product quality heterogeneity on the relative wage gap from the direct and indirect point of view.At the same time,it analyzes and extends the theoretical model of Whang(2016).The third part is the measurement and evaluation of China's product quality and relative wage gap.In order to make an empirical analysis of the research object,this part,based on the processing of the industrial enterprise database and the customs database,mainly calculates the product quality based on the back-stepping method used by Khandelwal et al.(2013),and calculates the relative wage gap.On this basis,the product quality is grouped,and a series of descriptive analysis of product quality and relative wage gap is carried out.The fourth part is the empirical analysis of the impact of product quality on the relative wage gap.Based on the mechanism analysis of the second chapter,the index system of direct and indirect influence is constructed,and the empirical models are set up.On this basis,the direct effect of product quality on relative wage is examined from the overall level and the different quality grouping level,and the possible indirect effect of product quality on relative wage gap through enterprise performance is also examined.Finally,in the last part,based on the results of empirical analysis,this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations from the aspects of personnel training,product quality improvement and income distribution system.At the same time,it looks forward to the future research of product quality heterogeneity on the relative wage gap.Through theoretical research and empirical analysis,the results of this paper are as follows:(1)China's industrial enterprises export product quality in the overall and different levels of technical products are declining;among them,the quality of high-tech products industry is significantly higher than the overall level of industrial enterprises,low-tech products,middle-tech products and resource product industry;from different quality groups,high quality group and medium quality group product quality has a downward trend,low quality group has a rising trend of quality.(2)The wage level of industrial enterprises in China is rising continuously,and the average wage level of high-tech products industry is higher than the overall level,resource products industry,low-tech products industry and middle-tech products industry.In addition,the relative wage gap between enterprises shows an upward trend from all levels.In terms of the average relative wage gap between enterprises,the relative wage gap in the high-quality group is large.From different geographical locations,the relative wage gap in the eastern region is relatively higher;from the perspective of different subsidies,the relative wage gap of non-subsidized enterprises shows a relatively obvious rising trend of fluctuation,while the relative wage level of subsidized enterprises shows a rising trend.After the downward trend,the relative wage gap between subsidized enterprises is significantly higher than that of non-subsidized enterprises.(3)The influence coefficient of product quality on the relative wage gap between enterprises is positive,indicating that enterprises with higher product quality often have higher relative wage levels in the industry.In addition,through the regression of product quality,it is found that the effect of product quality heterogeneity on relative wage gap is different in different quality groups.The effect of product quality change on relative wage gap is from high to low:high quality group,medium quality group and low quality group.The higher the product quality,the higher the regression coefficient of the grouped product quality,indicating that the higher the product quality,the higher the proportion of high-tech labor force may be required within the enterprise.(4)the heterogeneity of product quality has a significant positive indirect effect on the relative wage gap.Product quality heterogeneity has a significant positive impact on enterprise market competitiveness and enterprise performance,thus indirectly affecting the relative wage gap between enterprises through profit sharing mechanism.Finally,based on the results of empirical analysis,this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations from the aspects of personnel training,product quality improvement and income distribution system.The possible innovations of this paper are as follows:(1)From the point of view of product quality heterogeneity,this paper further studies the formation of relative wage gap on the basis of the existing Melitz(2003)theory of enterprise heterogeneity and the expansion of later scholars.Because there are many reasons affecting the formation of the relative wage gap,there is no single factor or theory that can fully explain the existence of this gap,and China's relative wage gap is the result of multiple factors in the process of economic and social transformation.The existing research results mostly analyze the factors that affect the relative wage gap from the aspects of heterogeneity of enterprises,heterogeneity of labor force and region,and explore the internal causes of this phenomenon.There are few specialized researches on the impact of product quality change on the relative wage gap in China.(2)From the point of view of different levels of product quality,the impact of product quality on the relative wage gap is studied.Samples are grouped according to the quality of products and the distribution of enterprises with different product quality.In different groupings(high-quality group,medium-quality group and low-quality group),the influence of product quality heterogeneity on relative wage gap is discussed.(3)This paper discusses the effect of product quality heterogeneity on relative wage gap from two different perspectives.When scholars study the effect of product quality heterogeneity on relative wage gap,they seldom consider that product quality heterogeneity may indirectly affect relative wage gap by affecting enterprise performance,besides considering the impact of labor demand.To study the impact of relative wage gap,this paper will divide different transmission paths to product quality heterogeneity.