Research On Inventory-Distribution Optimization Of Cold Chain Logistics Enterprises In Low Carbon Environment

With continuous development of economy,the environmental quality has become worse and worse.The increasing of carbon dioxide emissions not only intensifies the greenhouse effect,but also seriously affects people's health.Logistics activities are the main source of global greenhouse gas emissions,and cold chain logistics is a high-energy logistics,which will generate more carbon dioxide emissions.Therefore,the research on low-carbon cold chain logistics management can not only optimize the operation plan of cold chain logistics companies,but also reduce carbon dioxide emissions during its operation.It plays a role in protecting environment,and has the vital theoretical and practical meaning.Based on the above background,this paper considers the reality of demand uncertainty,and studies the optimization of low-carbon cold chain logistics based on carbon quota difference trading and demand uncertainty through the establishment of a carbon emission calculation model for cold chain logistics.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The carbon dioxide calculation model for cold chain logistics inventory and distribution is proposed.By analyzing the calculation methods of carbon dioxide emissions of logistics inventory and distribution at home and abroad,studying the refrigeration principles of cold storage and refrigerated vehicles in China,and combining with the investigation of cold chain logistics enterprises,this paper established a more realistic and reliable carbon emission model for the inventory and distribution of cold chain logistics.(2)The inventory and distribution of low-carbon cold chain logistics enterprises based on carbon quota difference trading are jointly optimized.Based on the carbon emission model of inventory and distribution,the carbon emission model of cold chain logistics inventory-distribution was established.The cost model of cold chain logistics inventory-distribution was established by analyzing the factors of causing cost in the inventory and distribution process.Combined with China's carbon trading policy on carbon emission reduction,under the premise of determining the demand points,a low-carbon cold chain logistics inventory-distribution optimization model based on carbon quota difference trading was established,and an improved genetic algorithm was designed to solve the model.The numerical simulation results show that the cost of the optimized genetic algorithm was lower than the basic genetic algorithm's.The cost could be reduced by 4%to 6%in one operation cycle,which verified the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.At the same time,sensitivity analysis was carried out on two important parameters of carbon quota and carbon transaction price in the model,and the results could provide reliable decision basis for the government to regulate carbon emissions of enterprises.(3)The inventory and distribution of low-carbon cold chain logistics enterprises with uncertain demand are jointly optimized.By analyzing the existing prediction methods of supermarkets and considering the seasonal fluctuation of dairy products,ARIMA(p,d,q)(P,D,Q)~S seasonal product model was established to predict the demand of supermarkets.Based on the inventory and distribution optimization model of cold chain logistics,considering the defects of single-objective optimization and the imperfection of China's existing policies on carbon emission reduction,combined with ARIMA seasonal product model,a multi-objective optimization model of inventory and distribution of low-carbon cold chain logistics under uncertain demand was established.The multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm was adopted to solve the model.Pareto optimization results obtained through case analysis could provide inventory-distribution schemes for cold chain logistics enterprises,and the enterprises could select optimization schemes according to their own conditions while considering carbon dioxide emissions and costs.