| Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era.The main social contradictions in China have been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the unbalanced and inadequate development.The 19th National Congress clearly pointed out that food safety strategy should be implemented to ensure people’s food security.Since 1998,the mode of food supervision and management has been changing constantly.At present,there are various supervision modes in various provinces,The grass-roots supervision team is unstable.Food safety incidents emerge in endlessly.Food safety issues often become a hot topic of social discussion.After the Sanlu milk powder incident,the behavior of Chinese citizens rushing to buy milk powder overseas has even risen to the political problems of China’s international image.In 2018,the mode of food safety supervision was finally clear in the way of unified supervision of food production,circulation and catering by the Bureau of Marketing.In 2013,the State Council set up the General Administration of Food and Drug Supervision in order to fundamentally strengthen the supervision and management of food,ultimately improve the mechanism of food supervision and management,straighten out the responsibility relationship between departments,and develop food safety supervision into a seamless supervision model from field to dining table,so as to form a whole.A highly efficient and professional food safety supervision system will promote the supervision of social co governance.However,many provinces adopt the mode of multi-department merged market supervision bureau,and the reform of food safety supervision has not been completed yet but has been grafted with the reform of market administration.The reform of market administration has resulted in the dilution of professional and technical forces of food safety supervision at the grass-roots level,and the coexistence of intersection and blankness in supervision,resulting in various confusions in food safety supervision.And contradictions.How to accurately find out the dilemma and reasons of the current food safety supervision reform in China,and not to reform in the name of reform,which is the concern of food safety supervisors,is also a topic of common concern of all sectors of society,and is the key to ensure the implementation of the original intention of strengthening food safety supervision reform.By using the methods of literature research,historical analysis,comparative analysis,case analysis and other relevant theories such as modern government,institutional economics and new public services,this paper takes Shanghai Pudong New Area Market Bureau as a specific case and combines the mode and experience of food supervision and management at home and abroad to supervise food safety in China.The current situation is analyzed,and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to solve the problems in the food safety supervision work of Pudong New Area Market Bureau,so as to build a food safety supervision system in line with the current situation of our country,so that the supervision department can better perform its functions,give full play to the advantages of unified supervision,and ensure the safety of the people’s tongue.Firstly,the background and characteristics of the current food safety supervision system are analyzed from the change of the food supervision mode.The most prominent feature of the food supervision system is the change of the system mechanism caused by the sectional supervision to the centralized supervision,and the vertical leadership to the graded management.Four representative supervision modes in Pudong New Area of Shanghai are compared.The food supervision modes,industry and commerce,quality supervision and food and drug supervision institutions at the municipal level remain unchanged.The merger of the market bureaus at the district and county levels has changed the original three departments from vertical management to territorial management,thus establishing a food production,circulation and consumption coverage system.Through the analysis of data,this paper finds out the existing problems and reasons of the supervision mode,and tries to find the joint point between establishing a unified and authoritative food safety supervision institution and promoting the integration of grass-roots law enforcement teams after comprehensive law enforcement.Secondly,it studies the food safety supervision mode in developed countries,compares the advantages and disadvantages of subsection supervision.branch supervision and single department supervision,and extracts the replicable and popularizable food safety supervision mode and specific supervision means according to the current situation of our country.By focusing on the analysis of the current situation of supervision and management of Shanghai Pudong New Area Market Supervision and Administration Bureau and comparing the advanced experience of food supervision and management in developed countries,it can be found that the current food supervision and management mode has some problems in terms of system,such as insufficient legal basis,weak crackdown,multi-management,unclear responsibilities of departments and poor cooperation.In the aspect of mechanism,there are some problems,such as insufficient technical personnel,unfavorable unification and coordination,and insufficient supervision,which eventually lead to the inefficiency and poor effect of food safety supervision.Finally,the author tries to put forward some countermeasures to solve the dilemma of food safety supervision in China,that is,to establish a unified and authoritative food safety supervision system nationwide,to maintain the long-term and stability of the operation of the system;to improve laws and regulations to form a food safety law as the core,supported by special laws,and to protect the environment,product quality,access and exit.Comprehensive food safety legal system connected with laws such as animal and plant inspection and quarantine,stressing the essence of technical supervision,establishing a multi-level and perfect detection system at provincial,municipal and county levels,improving supervision efficiency by means of information technology,and constructing a more comprehensive scientific food safety information disclosure mechanism;establishing food safety is not only a matter of "management"but also a concept of "production",emphasizing that the legal representatives of enterprises are the first responsible person for food safety;strengthen social co-governance,weak supervision of small enterprises,small workshops and vendors to strengthen supervision,and effectively protect the food safety of the people throughout the country. |
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