Study On The Historical Evolution Of The Role Of State-owned Enterprises

The emergence of the state-owned enterprises in our country has a long history.In August 2006,Chinese archaeologists found the first government-running handicraft workshop in Erlitou site.It can be viewed as the earliest prototype of state-owned enterprises in our country.Based on the perspective of economic history,this paper discusses the development of state-owned enterprises and analyzes the role of state-owned enterprises in different periods.The paper adopts historical analysis,normative analysis and comparative study as the research methods.In a theoretical sense,this paper has a broader definition of state-owned enterprises than the previous studies.The research of this paper ranges from government-running handicraft workshops in slavery society to modern state-owned enterprises.Through expounding the evolution of the role in different historical periods,the paper attempts to conclude the evolutional law about the role of state-owned enterprises.In a practical sense,the study of this paper tells us that the existence of the state-owned enterprise is necessary,and this has profound guiding significance for the development and reform of the state-owned enterprise in the future.In slavery society,government-running handicraft workshops were mainly in charge of meeting the consumer demand of the royal family.In feudal society,government-running workshops were becoming the tool of the ruling class keeping their political power.During Self-Strengthening Movement,in order to meet the needs of the war and military,a great quantity of enterprises was established by government.In the Republican period,bureaucrat capitalist enterprises became an important tool for government accumulating wealth.After the founding of new China,state-owned enterprises laid the foundation for the rapid recovery of our economy.In the planned economic period,the role of the state-owned enterprises got to an extreme.After the reform and opening up,state-owned enterprises ensure the predominant position of state-owned economy in the national economy.Through expounding the evolution of the role in different historical periods,we find that the role of state-owned enterprises has experienced from simplification to diversification,then changes from maximum to optimization.At the last part,the writer puts forward countermeasures for the reform of state-owned enterprises.