Teaching Design And Practice Research Based On Scratch For Cultivating Elementary School Students’ Computational Thinking

Today’s society is in the era of digital information,computing thinking has become one of the basic skills that everyone should have.Therefore,how to design and cultivate students’ computational thinking and put it into practice in teaching practice is the focus of educators.In this study,literature research method is used to sort out and analyze the relevant literature of computing thinking and scratch,on the basis of children’s cognitive development theory and constructivism learning theory,we combine computational thinking with scratch.According to the analysis results of questionnaire and interview,we can understand the information technology ability and computer thinking of the fifth grade primary school students in this paper,and then build a teaching practice process based on scratch to cultivate computer thinking,which is divided into five teaching links: scene experience,scene analysis,program building,debugging improvement and communication in the class and summary;Design the teaching task based on scratch to cultivate computational thinking,including five classroom tasks: decomposition thinking task list,abstract thinking task list,algorithm thinking task list,evaluation thinking task list and generalization thinking task list.Finally,the teaching design based on scratch to cultivate primary school students’ computational thinking is implemented in Y primary school,and the effect of this teaching practice is tested by questionnaire and observation.The research shows that the teaching design based on scratch can improve pupils’ computing thinking ability.In addition,compared with the previous programming software,it can reduce the difficulty of students’ programming,improve students’ ability of problem analysis,problem solving and hands-on operation,which has a certain reference value for the front-line information technology teachers to carry out scratch teaching.