The Educational Ethics Of Foucault's Later Thought Of "caring About Oneself"

Foucault was one of the greatest philosophers of the 20 th century,and his work involved a variety of completely different fields,known as the "masked philosopher." Now,his educational ethics is becoming a concern of the academic community and has attracted the attention of scholars.Foucault believed that education should concern "care of the self" in order to know and transform ourselves.Such subjective and social reconstruction specifies the ethics of education.It also meets the current requirements "teacher to shape the soul,shape life,shape the new people".This self-transformation is not in the service of self-aggrandizement but public servive.Foucault's early research focuses on the construction of human beings by knowledge(discourse)in the 1960 s and power in the 1970 s.In modern society,the symbiotic relationship of "knowledge-power" influences and restricts each other,which enables the social truth system to be manifested through laws,politics and other forms that make people obey unconsciously.To some extent,school education is also regulated by the "knowledge-power" relation network.In his late years,Foucault turned to the study of ancient philosophy.By looking back to the ancient philosophy,he explored the subject thought from Socratic and Platonic period to Hellenistic and Roman period,and found that "care of the self " has expanded in time,field and form.Therefore,his subjective view turns to the ethical subjective view "Care of the self"."Care of the self" refers to an attitude about yourself,others and the world,as well as the way to conduct oneself and interact with others.It also means that the subject should turn his attention from the outside,others,and the world to himself.And then continuously train yourself,shape yourself,and achieve perfection.In order to behave properly,to use freedom properly,to participate in social practice better,it is necessary to emphasize the subject's "care of the self " in education,which means not only to know oneself,but also to improve,transcend and controll oneself.However,"care of the self " as a social educational goal cannot exist without the outside world and others.It needs to interact with the outside world and need the guidance of others.Otherwise,it cannot truly and ultimately become "self."In the current situation that school education is still an institutionalized system managed by disciplinary power,Foucault's late concept of subjectivity puts forward the idea of "care of the self ",which enables us to see that the subject has the possibility of "care of oneself" and "become one's ultimate goal".Teachers as the guide of the students,the students become a listener,then school education can also become a person in learning to constantly find themselves,care about their own,shape their own impetus.Although foucault's "care of the self " still has some limitations in the application of educational ethics,at the same time,he does have important implications for the whole educational system and school education.