Analysis Of The Mode And Driving Mechanism Of Pupils' Extracurricular Space Activities

Since the implementation of Convention on the Rights of the Child for about 25 years,children’s daily space has changed greatly for several decade years.On the one hand,the change is the shift from the outdoor play-oriented to indoor play-oriented;on the other hand,the shift from public space to institutional and commercial space.For a long time,the research about children’s daily space mainly focuses on schools,ignoring space out of school.Therefore,how children move outside schools increasingly attracts attention from many scholars which becomes research hotspot of children’s geographies.Though the city provides diverse physical and cultural resources for children’s activities out of school,the availability of these resources does not mean that they are used evenly by different kinds of urban children.The social class of children’s families,parenting paradigms and education investment for kids may affect children’s styles using space and time out of school.The paper integrates qualitative methods with quantitative methods,exploring pupils’ activity patterns out-of-school in Xianlin new district Nanjing based on an after-school model.The model classifies out-of-school space into three types:domestic space,extra-domestic unregulated space and structured extra-curricular spaces,and the three spaces are independent from each other.The time children take in any of the three spaces leads to different styles of using out-of-school space and time.Putting the ways of children’s use of time and space from the analysis of children’s out-of-school activity schedules in the model concludes three styles:domestic space oriented children,fully scheduled children and balanced children.Furthermore,we also use practice cases to describe three styles of using out-of-school space and time in detail.Also,the paper tries to analyze the driving mechanism of pupils’ out-of-school activity pattern.Our results are that excluding the influence of age,gender and social class,under the pressure from social environment causing by key school system which causes the contest about excellent education resources,schools’ different systems limits the time of pupils’ out-of-school activities,and parenting paradigms truly determine different pupils’ out-of-school activity pattern.