The Dilemma And Countermeasures Of Social Organizations Participating In Natural Disaster Management

In recent years,the high incidence,frequent occurrence of natural disasters and their destructive social impacts have caused the concern and attention of many parties.After the "earthquake first year" in China,which means after the Wenchuan earthquake,the domestic social organizations actively participated in each natural disaster treatment.Their participation in emergency rescue,disaster relief and post-disaster reconstruction was also recognized.Social organizations own rich resources of volunteers,expertise knowledge in disaster relief,basic information collection,and flexible rescue can complement the government’s advantages and provide resources for each other.As one of the forces of multiple governance,social organizations play an important role in participating in the practice of natural disaster management,which makes up for the lack of government’s single strength and the absence of time,thus promoting the process of natural disasters management in China and acting as a role of protecting public interests and the promote social stability and development.Based on the theory of multiple governance and resource dependence,this paper discusses the difficulties and problems faced by Chinese social organizations in participating in natural disaster management based on the analysis of the practical behaviors of social organizations participating in this area.By drawing on the experience of social organizations from Japan and the United States to participate in natural disaster relief,this paper summarizes the concrete suggestions for Chinese social organizations to get out of the difficulty and solve existing problems.The article consists of five parts.The first part is the introduction.It’s about the background and meaning of the paper,the study of social organizations in domestic and foreign countries in the process of natural disaster management,the methods of literature analysis,case analysis and comparative study,and the creative aspects and the weakness.The second part is the analysis of concept and theory.This part clarifies the concept of natural disaster and social organization in this paper,and the theory of multiple governance and resource dependence,which are the theoretical basis of this paper,to discuss the necessity and importance of the social organization participating in natural disaster management.The third part is the practice and predicament of social organization participating in natural disaster management.Firstly,this part studies our country social organizations to participate in the practice of natural disaster governance as a whole,and analyse "blue sky rescue team" and other social organizations at every stage of the rescue reality performance,which means to sum up the practice of China’s social organizations participating in natural disaster governance effects and the existing four main difficulties in the process of participation.The fourth part is a practical inspiration for the development of natural disaster management in Japan and the United States.By analyzing the performance of social organizations in Japan and the United States in the management of natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes,this paper summarizes the relevant experiences and references of effective participation,and forms an important inspiration for the participation of Chinese social organizations in natural disaster management.The fifth part is countermeasures for social organizations in natural disaster management.This part is based on the third part and the fourth part,and combined the domestic actual situation and foreign relevant experience,this part puts forward the countermeasures for social organizations’ participation in natural disasters from various aspects,consisting of improving the laws and regulations,strengthening the cooperation between government and social organizations in the field of natural disaster management,and improving the ability of social organizations to participate in natural disaster management,meanwhile there are several concrete practical suggestions in each part.The author believes that natural disaster governance requires the participation of social diverse forces,and social organizations as a key force should use their organizational advantages to participate in natural disasters and protect the public interest of society.On the basis of the research on natural disasters by the senior scholars,combining the participation of domestic and foreign social organizations,this paper puts forward concrete practical suggestions such as " improving laws and regulations on natural disasters","improving laws and regulations on social organizations’ participation in natural disaster management ","mutual trust between government and social organizations,enhancing cooperation","clear division of labor and complementary resources","enhancing cooperation effect","attracting the professional talents in disaster relief’,"strengthening training for non-professionals","expanding the sources of funds","actively disclosing the relevant information of the organization’s funds" and "establishing a joint platform between social organizations",so as to provide comprehensive suggestions and opinions for the effective participation of social organizations in natural disaster management.