Gender Differences In Negative Emotion Processing Under The Influence Of Different Noises

Noise refers to the sound that causes irritation or harms human health due to excessive volume.According to the national standards of the People’s Republic of China,“Emission Standard for Community Noise,and“Environmental Quality Standard for Noise",noise generally refers to sound over 63 decibels.Noise has a negative impact on people’s cognition,emotion,Personality formation and socialization,and there are significant gender differences in the impact of noise on individuals.Noise can induce negative emotions such as anger and irritability,and there are also significant gender differences in negative emotional processing,which are manifested in emotional recognition,emotional susceptibility,emotional regulation and so on.Although there are some studies on the effect of auditory stimuli on negative emotional processing in the field of psychology at home and abroad,there is a lack of research on the influence of noise types and gender differences on negati’ve emotional processing.Sleep experiments at the University of Sussex in the UK showed that car alarms and baby cries were the most likely noises to wake up men and women,respectively.However,few scholars have explored the effects of these two kinds of noise on the negative emotional processing of both sexes.In this study,204 college students aged 18-25 years with non-anxiety and depression were selected as subjects.The effects of infant crying and car alarm on negative emotional arousal and negative emotional recognition were investigated by using audio-visual dual-channel negative stimuli.The gender differences of negative emotional arousal and negative emotional recognition were explored under the conditions of infant crying and car alarm.This study is divided into two parts.Experiment 1:To investigate the gender diffberences of negative emotional arousal under different noise effects,the two-factor completely randomized experiment-3(sound source:no noise,baby crying,car alarm)X 2(gender:male and female)was adopted.The dependent variable was the degree of negative emotional arousal.Experiment 2:To explore the gender differences of negative emotional recognition under different noise effects,the two-factor completely randomized experiment-3(sound source:no noise,baby crying,car alarm)× 2(gender:male and female)was adopted.The dependent variables were the number of negative picture reports,the number of negative picture hits,and the number of negative picture misstatements.The results showed:(1)Under the condition of no noise,the degree of negati-ve emotional arousal,the number of.negative picture reports and the number of negative picture hits of women were higher than that of men.(2)Under the condition of infant crying,the degree of negative emotional arousal,the number of negative picture reports and the number of negative picture hits of both sexes increased,but the improvement of female was more significant in all data.(3)Under the condition of car alarm,male’s negative emotional arousal,negative picture reports and negative picture hits increased significantly,while female’s change was not significant.(4)There was no significant difference in the number of negative picture misstatements among males under the conditions of no noise,baby crying and car alarm.However,there were significant differences in the number of negative picture misstatements among women under the three conditions.(5)Under noisy conditions,subjects,negative eruotional arousal,negative picture reports,negative picture hits and negative picture misstatements were significantly increased.Conclusions:(1)There are gender differences in negative emotional processing.Under the condition of no noise,females have more advantages than males in negative emotional arousal and negative emotional recognition.(2)The influence of infant crying on the negative emotional processing of both sexes is common,but the influence on women is greater than that on men.Baby crying makes adults’ negative emotions more easily aroused and their ability to recognize negative emotions improved.(3)Car alarm can significantly affect male negative emotional processing,but has little eaffect on female.Car alarm sounds can make men’s negative emotions more easily awakened and improve their ability to recognize negative emotions.