Research On The Acquisition Of Foreign Students "once" And Its Synonyms

This paper first examines the syntactic functions of "Cengjing" and its synonyms.In terms of "Cengjing" and "Yijing",They have a lot in common and difference:Both of them can co-exist with dynamic auxiliary words "le?zhe?guo",but "Cengjing" are more common to co-exist with"guo",and "Yijing" are more common to co-exist with "le".Both of them tend to co-exist with adjectives that are not in the form of light poles,and can be preceded by a single adverb.In addition,both of them and can be negated by”mei(you)","Yijing" can also be directly followed by a negative adverb,while "Cengjing" cannot.The co-occurrence of them and nominal phrases is different,and "Cengjing" can serve as the adverbial at the beginning of a sentence,"Yijing"can't either.As far as "Ceng" and "Yi" are concerned,they are quite different in the way of co-occurrence with bare pole verbs,descriptive phrases,nominal phrases and negative adverb"bu".Finally,in terms of the single-syllable and two-syllable words,apart from the stylistic differences,the more important difference is that the syntactic function of "Cengjing" is constantly expanded,which can be co-occurred with the nominal phrases or as the adverb at the beginning of a sentence.However,the internal structure of "Ceng" is very stable,without the above functions.But,"Ceng" is more likely to be preceded by adverbs,especially negative and interrogative adverbs,while "Cengjing" has no such function.The difference between "Yijing"and "Yi" is mainly reflected in the co-occurrence of nominal phrases,monosyllabic adverbs?verbs and adjectives.Based on ontology research and interpretation of reference books,outlines and textbooks,we also analyzed foreign students' acquisition of this group of words.From the use of correct use cases,"Yijing" is the best word that foreign students have acquired,while "Ceng,Yi,Cengjing"has different degrees of output deficiency.In the aspect of bias use cases,the bias rate of two-syllable "Cengjing and Yijing" presents a declining trend as a whole,but it has its own characteristics in the aspects of wrong replacing,wrong addition,wrong order and omission.In the aspect of wrong replacing,"Cengjing" was mainly wrongly replaced by the adverbs of time and frequency as well as the other words in this group.However,most of the wrong addition and wrong order are "Cengjing" itself,and the corresponding omission is the auxiliary word "guo"and relevant components in the sentence.Omission is the most important bias of "Yijing".What is omitted is the relevant part of the sentence,not "Yijing" itself.Corresponding to this is the misaddition,which is often"Yijing"itself.Look at the wrong replacing,it is mainly "Yijing" and "Jiu" on the confusion.Finally,there is wrong order,which is dominated by the wrong order of "Yijing" itself and the predicate part of "Yijing".However,the bias rate of single-syllable "Ceng and Yi" showed an overall upward trend,and the learning situation was general.The bias of "Ceng" is the omission,most of which is the auxiliary word "guo".It is followed by wrong replacing,it is mainly wrongly replaced by adverbs with time and frequency and mispronunciation of native words.Misaddition and misordering are usually "Ceng" itself.The types of error of "Yi" are mainly substitution by mistake and addition by mistake.Misaddition is itself and substitution by mistake is other words like "Yi".Finally,in view of the above use cases and the disadvantages of this group of words in current reference books,outlines and textbooks,we suggest that,first of all,the editor should pay attention to the existence of "Ceng and Yi".They are hard for foreign students to study.Secondly,dictionary and textbook are supposed to do a good job in the illustration of this group of words,simply and specifically.They should not only limit the co-occurrence of verbal phrases,the use of cases that with nouns,descriptive phrases should also appear in the book.According to the actual use cases of foreign students,this group of words in outlines should be graded well,especially "Cengjing".And in line with our research,it is suitable to replace it at an intermediate stage,"Ceng,Yi" are also the same.