A Comparative Study Of Modal Adverbs A Form And AA Form

This article is based on the Peking University Chinese Linguistics Research Center(CCL)Corpus.Based on the previous studies,this paper selects the research object from the perspective of the small category of adverbs,namely the adverbs A form and AA form.In addition,the specific research scope is selected according to the lexical level outline,namely,the four groups of modal adverbs of "Ming(明)-Mingming(明明)","Pian(偏)-Pianpian(偏偏)"、"Qia(恰)-Qiaqia(恰恰)",and "Wan(万)-Wanwan(万万)".From the three aspects of semantics,syntax and pragmatics,the paper makes a comparative study of the four groups of words,hoping to bring some help to Chinese teaching and practical application.The first four chapters of the text are from three plane angles,combining the specific language materials,giving a detailed comparison and demonstration of A form and AA form.The first chapter is the comparison between "Ming(明)"and "Mingming(明明)".On the semantic level,At the semantic level,comparing with "Ming(明)","Mingming(明明)" has a lack of semantics,and it do not have the semantic characteristics of "openness".The two have the same semantic background:"Ming(明)/Mingming(明明)A,should be B,result C".But,"Mingming(明明)" has another semantic background:"A,Mingming(明明)B"."Ming(明)"and "Mingming(明明)" will attach semantics to emphasize the differences between actual results and preconception.On the syntactic level,there is a clear difference between the number of syllables,the co-occurrence of negative adverbs,the syntactic position,and the later modifiable components of two words."Ming(明)" and "Mingming(明明)"appear only in compound sentences,we sum up the types and semantic relationships of the applied compound sentences.On the pragmatic level,both words can express criticism,disapproval,unbelievable,and incomprehensible tone.There are three types of pragmatic functions:turning marks,limiting references,and highlighting points.The second chapter is the comparison of "Pian(偏)" and "Pianpian(偏偏)".On the semantic level,semantic content is biased because of the increase in frequency of"Pianpian(偏偏)"."Pian(偏)" tends to express the semantic features of "subjective intention",while "Pianpian" tends to mean "objective violation".We sum up two semantic backgrounds of expression transition and progressive relationships.On the syntactic level,the two words are very different in the number of syllables,the co-occurrence of negative adverbs and the syntactic position.They have three kinds of verbs,including judgment verb "Shi",causative verbs and volitive auxiliary.On the pragmatic level,On the pragmatic level,"Pian(偏)" and "Pianpian(偏偏)" are able to express four kinds of tone,such like dissatisfaction and refutation,surprise,bigotry and emphasis.The two words have three pragmatic functions of focus,specification and negation.The third chapter is the comparison between the "Qia(恰)" and" Qiaqia(恰恰)".In terms of semantics,we summarize the three semantic features of "coincidence","contingency" and "accident".The sentences which include "Qia(恰)" and "Qiaqia(恰恰)" have four kinds of semantic relations:transition,parallel,progressive and causal.On the syntactic level,the number of syllables,the co-occurrence of negative adverbs,the syntactic position,and the later modifiable components of two words are significantly different.In the form of data statistics,the fixed structure of "Qia(恰)"and" Qiaqia(恰恰)" is listed.In terms of pragmatics,both the "Qia(恰)" and"Qiaqia(恰恰)" major expressions of emphasis and accidental tone,which can achieve three pragmatic functions of highlighting focus,specifying presupposition and subjective expression.The fourth chapter is the comparison of "Wan(万)" and "Wanwan(万万".In terms of semantics,"Wan(万)" and "Wanwan(万万)" semantic are similar,meaning"extremely,no matter how".There are three types of semantic backgrounds in the sentences of the two words,which are causal,declarative and complementary.On the syntactic level,the two words are generally used only with negative adverbs,which constitute four types of negative structures according to the difference of negative adverbs and the different post-modification components.In terms of pragmatics,"Wan(万)" and "Wanwan(万万)" express the imperative and emphatic tone.The imperative tone can be divided into two types:one is the command and the demand,and the other is the advice and the suggestion.The two words have the function of expression,communication and prominent focus,etc.The fifth chapter is a summary,based on the research contents of the previous four chapters,the differences and commonalities of the modal adverbs A and AA in semantics,syntax,and pragmatics are summarized and generalized.Also,it attempts to analyze the causes and conditions of the differences.