An Analysis Of The Issue Of Rations In The Shaanxi Kuomintang Controlled Area During The Anti-Japanese War (1937-1945)

In 1937,the comprehensive Anti-Japanese War broke out,the National Government in the army provisions still continue to use the pre-war policy,namely the Central Government issuing expense,all the forces purchasing foodstuff in local,only setting up military food organ in food-deficit areas.This period,due to the war zones were mainly concentrated in the production provinces of the southeast coast,and the food supply was sufficient and the grain price was relatively stable,so it was easier to handle the army provisions.But as the change of the war situation,the major production provinces of the southeast coast occupied,food prices rising,the number of the people entering the War increasing,the situation of handling army provisions was increasingly serious,therefore the National Government adjusted the way of army provisions in wartime,the method of dividing food and expense,staple food is supped material object,and implementing the policy of land tax grain levies.In order to ensure the supply of army provisions,the National Government set up special food and military organs to conduct unified management.In this context,Shaanxi,as the great rear of the War,is becoming more and more important in ensuring the supply of military food.The paper mainly investigates the army provisions of the KMT-controlled area in Shaanxi province during the Anti-Japanese War,and military food problem after the land tax grain levies policy implementing and food department establishing in Shaanxi as the research focus,mainly divides into three parts:the first part mainly summarizes natural and social conditions of the Shaanxi food production,analyzes the basic situation of Shaanxi province grain production and supply during the Anti-Japanese War,and describes army provisions in the initial period of the Anti-Japanese War,and to deal with the army provisions the National Government and Shaanxi province established relevant departments and assume other food stores business administration authority,to answer why the article will examine the focus of the late the Anti-Japanese War;The main policies of issued by the National Government and the specific implementation measures formulated by Shaanxi province were analyzed.The second part focuses on the three aspects of Shaanxi army provisions processing during the Anti-Japanese War period,namely,the purchase of army provisions,the storage of army provisions and the transportation of army provisions,and the two chapters are discussed.Purchase part mainly analyzes for the smoothly completing the purchase of army provisions,the Shaanxi conducting food political propaganda and mobilization in wartime,Shaanxi the main way of purchasing army provisions,specific tasks of purchasing army provisions in calendar year and process and results of purchasing army provisions.In Wartime the methods of storage army provisions in Shaanxi can be roughly divided into stores warehouse storage and all the counties and townships,warehouse storage,so the article described in detail construction of all kinds of warehouse and distribution in Shanxi during wartime,and storage of army provisions each link is put in storage management,storage,outbound,etc are analyzed and the specific process;The army provisions expropriated ends up storage to dial,transportation has become the indispensable link,army provisions transportation in Shaanxi during wartime mainly take the land,waterways,eluu several ways,articles have made detailed investigation to this three kinds of transport modes of transport routes and tools,and analyzed the Shaanxi rations transport on the implementation of the specific circumstances,namely the commissary shipping agency,freight given standard,transportation,etc.The third part is the conclusion of the article,handling the army provisions in Shaanxi during the Anti-Japanese War not only solved the stationed troops demand,the province also support the Henan and Shanxi provinces,made important contribution to the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in the country,at the same time objectively has laid a certain foundation for the development Shaanxi agriculture,transportation,and industrial in postwar.Shaanxi army provisions processing has achieved certain results,but it is not plain sailing,in the process of the existence of such or such problems,to a certain extent,affected the effectiveness of the process.