| Background:Metabolic syndrome(MS),as a high prevalence disease of multiple metabolic disorders,significantly promotes the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis,diabetes and other chronic diseases.MS has no obvious symptoms at early stage,the detection rate was low,and early intervention was obviously insufficient Its long-term chronic complications such as coronary heart disease,stroke,diabetes mellitus and its complications have high fatality rate and physical disability rate,which greatly affect people's health and cause huge financial burden to social medical resources.Infrared thermography(IRT)shows the sensitive and noninvasive ability of temperature capture of the whole body,which fits well with the characteristic of functional metabolic abnormalities on the early stage of MS.The technique has a significant advantage in improving the early detection rate,treatment rate and control rate of MS,which will do good to the field of "Preventive treatment of diseases".IRT could find new physical signs from the perspective of non-visible light,which is regarded as the "extension of observation" of Traditional Chinese Medicine.IRT can be used to observe the surface temperature characteristics of human body from the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome differentiation thought of "govern exterior to infer interior",combined with eight principles syndrome differentiation,San-jiao syndrome differentiation,Zang-Fu syndrome differentiation and meridians syndrome differentiation,we may find an optimized interpretation method of MS infrared thermograph beyond the guidance of previous anatomical theory.The method of interpretation is expected to interpret the functional state of internal organs of MS patients Thinking mode of MS syndrome differentiation may be further deeply understood and inspiredSince MS is a multiple metabolic disorders syndrome,it can be diagnosed according to the coexistence of multiple groups of metabolic indexes,covering the different extent of metabolic abnormalities from the early stage to the late stage.In the early stage its components such as hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,impaired glucose regulation and obesity may tend to cause functional abnormality.And in the later stage the multiple chronic complications such as coronary heart disease,stroke,diabetes and other chronic diseases appear to be structural lesions.However,it is clear that the value of MS's diagnosis and intervention is more clear in the early stage of no major complications.Therefore,in this study,patients with chronic complications of MS components with clear structural lesions have been strictly excluded through the trial acceptance and exclusion criteria to observe the characteristics of infrared thermography of MS in early stage.Objective:To explore the temperature distribution characteristics of the face,palms,feet and the San-jiao in the trunk area of MS infrared thermography,and provide evidence for the application of infrared thermography in early assistant diagnosis and evaluation of MS population.Methods:This study is a retrospective study.The subjects were grouped by their gender and further divided into four groups according to the number of abnormal metabolic indexes "0","1","2" and "more than 3".There were 91 male subjects,including 26 subjects in normal group,18 subjects in the group of 1 abnormal index,16 subjects in the group of 2 abnormal indexes and 31 subjects in the MS group.And 93 female subjects,including 50 subjects in normal group,21 subjects in the group of 1 abnormal index,10 subjects in the group of 2 abnormal indexes and 12 subjects in the MS group.The infrared heat maps of all subjects were collected and two groups of regions of interest(ROI)were chosen to describe the characteristics of MS infrared thermogram.6 regions including face,palms,dorsum of feet and the front trunk were chosen as the first group of ROI.7 regions were further chosen as the second group of ROI in the front trunk area according to the San-jiao theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine,which contains:? front trunk,?the upper-jiao,?the middle-jiao,?the lower-jiao,?right area of the upper-jiao,?sternum area,?left area of the upper-jiao.Both the average temperature and the relative temperature(?T=TROI-Tfront trunk)were used to study the characteristics of ROI.And Pearson correlation analysis was conducted on the average temperature of ROI,measurement indexes and laboratory data.Results:?There were significant differences in the average temperature of the face,hands,palms and front trunk between different gender(P<0.01),and in the average temperature of dorsum of feet(P<0.05).The average temperature of the face,hands,palms and dorsum of feet of men were higher than that of women,and the average temperature of the San-jiao area of the front trunk was lower than that of women.?The average temperature of the face,front trunk,palms and dorsum of feet in male groups showed that:T face>T front trunk>T palms>T dorsum offeet(P<0.01).The average temperature of the front trunk and palms was similar in MS men.?The average temperature of face,front trunk,palms and dorsum of feet in female between different groups showed different characteristics.Normal female:T front trunk>T face>T palm>T dorsum offeet.The highest average temperature is in the front trunk area;The group of 1 abnormal index and the group of 2 abnormal indexes:T face>T frot trunk>T palms>T dorsum offeet.The highest average temperature is in the face area;MS female:T face>T palms>T front trunk>T dorsum offeet.The highest average temperature is in the face area.The average temperature of each ROI was significantly different(P<0.01).The average temperature of the front trunk and palms was similar in MS women as well.?The average temperature of palms and dorsum of feet of MS patients was higher than that of normal people.The average temperature of the front trunk of MS patients was lower than that of normal people.There was no significant difference between MS patients and normal subjects.The relative temperature was used in the study as well.The ?T of the face,palms,dorsum of feet of MS patients were higher than that in normal subjects(P<0.01).? With the increase of the number of abnormal metabolic indexes,the level of metabolic abnormality is more serious.From the health status,which has no abnormal metabolic indexes,to the MS stage,in which the number of abnormal metabolic index increases to above 3,the average temperature of the palms and dorsum of feet of the human body increased gradually,And the average temperature of the front trunk decreased gradually;there is no significant difference in the average temperature of the face in each stage.When conduct statistical analysis with relative temperature(?T),the results showed that the ?T of face,palms and dorsum of feet increased gradually(P<0.01).? There was no significant difference among the 7 ROI within gender and the metabolism group(P>0.05),which means that there was no difference in the average temperature among the front trunk,the upper-jiao,the middle-jiao,the lower-jiao,right area of the upper-jiao,sternum area and the left area of the upper-jiao.?With the increase of the number of abnormal metabolic indexes,the level of metabolic abnormality is more serious.From the health status,which has no abnormal metabolic indexes,to the MS stage,in which the number of abnormal metabolic index increases to above 3,the average temperature of the 7 ROI in the trunk decreased gradually.Conclusion:?There are differences in the average temperature of the face,palms,dorsum of feet and the front trunk between different gender.The average temperature of the face,palms,dorsum of feet of men is higher than that of women,and the average temperature of the front trunk is lower than that of women.?Compared with the normal subjects,there were characteristic changes in the thermograph of face,palms,dorsum of feet and the front trunk of MS patients.The results showed that compared with the normal subjects,the average temperature of the front trunk decreased,and the average temperature of the palms and dorsum of feet increased in the MS's thermograph.? With the increase of the number of abnormal metabolic indexes,the average temperature of the front trunk gradually decreased,and the average temperature of the palms and dorsum of feet gradually increased.It is suggested that when only 1-2 metabolic indexes are abnormal,the body temperature has begun to change towards MS thermography characteristics.?MS patients'average temperature of 7 ROI in the San-jiao area of the front trunk was lower than the normal subjects',especially in the area of lower-jiao.?Infrared thermography could be applied to assist early diagnosis and evaluation of MS population. |
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