| BackgroundIschemic cerebrovascular disease(ICVD)is the world's third categories of disease and are now second only behind heart system disease and cancer.It has the characteristics of high morbidity,high disability rate and high mortality rate,which seriously threatens human health[1].After acute cerebral infarction,the brain tissue necrosis in the central area of cerebral ischemia cannot be reversed after reaching a certain degree of severity.Therefore,the main treatment measures at present are to restore the blood supply to the ischemic brain tissue as soon as possible,and to save the brain tissue around the ischemic area that is not completely necrotic and has not completely lost its function,namely the ischemic penumbra.Currently thrombolysis and recanalization is the main treatment of acute ischaemic stroke,can save the neurons of ischemic penumbra tissue,promote the regeneration of the capillary and the reconstruction of the collateral circulation,however thrombolysis drugs not only has strict indications and contraindications,and a large number of studies have shown that the thrombolytic recanalization or cycle through natural recanalization after restore blood flow perfusion in patients not only about 50%of the patients symptoms persist,instead,the phenomenon of the brain tissue damage and functional deficiencies is aggravating,this phenomenon is called ischemia-reperfusion injury.It can be seen that the limitations of clinical treatment for stroke,therefore,in order to improve the quality of life and ease the burden of family,it is urgent to seek more effective treatment strategiesWith the the development of traditional Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine preparations are widely used in clinical,such as xingnaojing injection,danhong injection has been widely used in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases,and received relatively satisfactory results in clinical.Kudiezi belongs to compositae perennial herbaceous plants,Bitter taste,cold nature,since its role in clearing heat and detoxification,promoting blood circulation and relieving pain,it has been concerned by the majority of scholars and become a research hotspot and is concerned by many scholars,and become the research hot spot,has the injection preparation is widely used in coronary heart disease,angina pectoris and cerebral infarction,treatment of disease of heart head blood-vessel acute stage.Many clinical observation studies have shown that Kudiezi injection can not only improve the symptoms of neurological impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction,but also reduce the serum inflammatory factors,tumor necrosis factor and other pathological products after the occurrence of cerebral infarction,and improve the prognosis of patients.However,the rermdeling mechanism of Kudiezi injection on injured neurons after cerebral ischemia is still unclear,so this study explored the remodeling mechanism of Kudiezi injection on injured neurons after acute cerebral infarction.ObjectiveTo observe the histomorphological changes of nerve cells in rats after ischemia-reperfusion induced by Kudiezi injection under acute cerebral ischemia.To investigate the mechanism of nerve remodeling effect of Kudiezi injection on nerve cell injury after acute cerebral ischemia.MethodsA total of 150 rats were randomly divided into three groups by the numerical table method:sham operation group,model group and kusaucer injection group(8.4 g · kg·d-1),with 42 rats in each group and 24 in reserve.Rat model of ischemia-reperfusion was established by blocking the left middle cerebral artery(MC AO)by the method of wire bolting,as follows:?sham operation group:preoperative anesthesia and neck vascular separation,no ligation and wire plug;After the operation,0.9%normal saline was injected into the abdominal cavity,once a day,until sampling.? Model group:rats were given MCAO ischemia-reperfusion treatment on the left side.After successful modeling,normal saline of the same volume was intraperitoneally injected once a day until sampling.?Treatment group:the same model group prepared the rat model of ischemia-reperfusion.After the model was successfully constructed,the rat model was intraperitoneally injected with Kudiezi injection,once a day,until the sample was taken.Brain tissue were collected from 6 time points at 1 h,3 h,6 h,24 h,72 h and 7 d after reperfusion in each group of rats,respectively.Brain tissue of ischemic penumbra was collected,and histopathological changes of cerebral cortex,subcortical white matter and hippocampal nerve cells in rats after acute cerebral ischemia were observed by HE staining and transmission electron microscopy.Results1.Behavioral experiment:? Comparison between groups:the neurological function score of rats in sham operation group was 0,and that of rats in model group and treatment group after reperfusion was 1-3.The neurological function score of the model group was significantly different from that of the sham group(P<0.05).The neurological function score of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the model group(P<0.05).?Intra-group comparison:there was no statistical significance at each time point in the model group(P>0.05).The neurological function score of the 7d group was significantly lower than that of the 24h group(P<0.05).2.HE staining observation results:In the model group,the cortical and hippocampal ischemic areas showed swelling and edema of neurons and nuclear shrinkage,which gradually worsened with time.A large number of inflammatory cell infiltration,degeneration and necrosis of neurons occurred,and nuclear polycondensation was triangular,and even neuronal dissolution disappeared.The pathological changes in the treatment group were significantly alleviated.In addition,cell swelling and interstitial edema and osteoporosis were significantly reduced.Most of the cells were arranged neatly,cell volume was slightly reduced,nucleus was basically normal,nucleoli were clear,and a small number of abnormal nerve cell morphology could be seen.3.Electron microscopic observation results:With the prolonging of reperfusion time,the neurons in the cortical and hippocampal ischemic areas of the model group reduced cell volume,concentrated cytoplasm,and irregular nuclear shape.The nuclear membrane structure gradually contracted and presented acute angular changes to disappear,and the heterochromatin in the nucleus increased.Then nuclear fission,nuclear fragmentation and pyrolysis occurred.The number of organelles in cytoplasm decreased gradually or even disappeared.Mitochondria began to swell,cristae fracture,gradually vacuol-like changes,and even disappeared;The rough endoplasmic reticulum expanded and edema,degranulation;Golgi ribosomes swell and even disappear.The cell membrane of neurons in the treatment group was more complete than that in the model group,with abundant organelles and normal structure,abundant mitochondria,uniform size,complete and clear cristae,a few mild swelling,abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum,mild swelling,and more ribosomes.The perinuclear space was enlarged,the vesicles were swallowed and drunk more,and the nuclear membrane structure of nerve cells was more complete.Focal demyelination was observed in the nerve fibers in the ischemic area of the white matter of the brain,the arrangement of nerve fibers and the disorder of the focal lamellar structure of the myelin sheath,and partial lamellar structure of the myelin sheath was edema,release,distortion,blurring,and swelling of the axonal mitochondria.Conclusion1.The neurological defect of acute cerebral infarction peaked at 72 h after ischemia reperfusion injury.2.After acute cerebral ischemia,the morphological injury of the neurons on the affected side of the rat was gradually aggravated,and the injury was aggravated at 6 h.3.Kudiezi injection had a significant inhibitory effect on the injury of neurons in cortex,hippocampus and white matter in rats with acute cerebral ischemia,and the injury of nerve cells was significantly improved after 6 h of intervention.4.Kudiezi injection can not only stop the continuous injury of neurons,but also has a remodeling effect on the damaged neurons while protecting the overall structural integrity of the neurons,and has the best intervention effect within 6 hours. |
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