| Objective:Lao Lao Heng Yan is one significantly representative work in traditional health preserving field,which was written by Cao Tingdong and appeared in Qing Dynasty.It was done in purpose for the aged,and its volume five,"ZhouPuShuo",had been specially made for health caring by congee taking.It shows first time in history that "Pu" and "Shuo" were used to entitle the specialized chapter on health preservation,in which prescriptions were indicated by "Zhou" only,i.e.the congee.Totally 100 prescriptions had been selected and composed by the author,Cao Tingdong,which works very well as a useful diet therapy by congee.It matched well the people's daily life,and is relatively effective in both health preservation and disease prevention.In congee prescription part,the volume five,both the descriptions and methods are complete and comprehensive,and are practical.It is believed valuable on both theories base and real application.The key emphasis of this dissertation is to explore the exact function of congee prescriptions,which had been listed in fifth volume of Lao Lao Heng Yan,the ancient book.To analyse all the compositions and their related features,to trace out theoretical supports from its origin as related proof,and to discuss the application of each prescription will be all included.And to analyse and confirm the rationality and feasibility of Cao's prescriptions,to conclude the principles for diet therapy on health care,which had been reflected by documentation.Hoping that it may offer certain reference for today people's practice on health preserve by diet,and to provide useful advice for relevant diet industry.Methods:By literature researching way,taking the ancient work Lao Lao Heng Yan written by Cao Tingdong who lived in Qing Dynasty as a target,and to work on the 100 congee prescriptions' composing,original source,constituent and classification,also congee related function showed by the book.Various summary in Excel formats have been made together with frequency of effects and main treatments calculated to illustrate opinions.Any discussion mentioned in this thesis are properly supported by theories mainly from ancient works related,also accompanied with modern studying materials.In order to have a clear orderliness of congee developing history,and to conclude principles of diet therapy,literature clauses regarding congee had been excerpted from ancient works.Discussion has been prepared on getting medicinal things into congee,grain selection in Cao's prescriptions and congee application,which are supported by ancient literature and modern studying reports.Results:1 Congee being used as a health preserving method has a long history.From the time prior to "Qin" Dynasty,and around "Han" and "Wei" time,congee had appeared in some ancient works already.Congee application shows a convenient way of diet therapy.Some congee prescriptions mentioned by author Cao in work Lao Lao Heng Yan are originally from 54 food relevant books.Cao prepared all his prescriptions together with explanation and reference in detail,just to suit the aged for their health care.2 Lao Lao Heng Yan has indicated 100 congee prescriptions in its volume five,which forms up Cao's important "Theory of Congee Prescription",and 14 pcs of them are created by author Cao himself,which marked with "created by Ci Shan";Distinguished by grain items,93 pcs of all prescriptions are made of common rice "JingMi",and the rest are made of other corns,i.e."NuoMi","ShuMi","ChaoMian" and "QingLiangmi";According to key material mentioned in prescriptions' name,which directly composing the congee,Cao's prescriptions are sorted differently,i.e.76 pcs are made of plant material,19 pcs of animal material,5 pcs of mineral material;By processing method,59 prescriptions are prepared in regular way,while the rest made by various methods,such like prepare liquid in advance,15 pcs,grinding and mixing with water,7 pcs;Cao's prescriptions are totally composed by 119 items of different materials,101 pcs are considered and used as food items in Qing Dynasty,the rest 18 pcs are believed to be medicinal things;In Cao's prescriptions,frequency of items which taking Meridian of Spleen and Stomach rank first,i.e.334.3 To explore the exact function of these 100 congee prescriptions listed in Lao Lao Heng Yan is the key emphasis and main target of this thesis.It is concluded in 3 parts:"YangYin" function--Summary being done based on medical effects showing that sub-total of frequency concerned with "YangYin" is 262 which takes 24.39%(about one quarter)in all effects,which is reflected by frequency of effects sorted in four points.Final data supported the author's opinions,i.e."YangYin" is considered helpful in "YangJing",and"YangJing is the main target in health preserve"."YangYin" is composed of four points,which are supported by data in groups,i.e."ZiYin","QingRe","YangXin" and "ChuFan"."Jian Pi" function--Summary being done based on medical effects showing that sub-total frequency concerned with improving spleen function is 402,which takes 37.43%(more than one third)in all effects.It means some effects are qualified in helping improving spleen function,assisting curing diarrhoea,and are efficient in harmonization.In Cao's prescriptions,materials which take Meridian of Spleen and Stomach rank first.Figures matched well author's saying "Taking congee while being sick" would "do some help significantly in curing diarrhea".Diarrhoea is concerned with Spleen and Stomach.Final data supported author's opinion,i.e."To harmonize Spleen and Stomach is of great concern for the aged".Other functions--This part of summaiy is settled with main treatments of prescriptions'materials.Based on items with high frequency,sub total for 6 group is 611 that takes 37.76%(more that one third)in all treatments.Exclude "Pi",this part includes group of "Shen","Fei","Gan" and "Xin",items of women and children,and the others.Among these items that listed in formats,most of which are easily encountered by old persons.Summary shows a broad application of Cao's congee prescriptions,which is available for seniors.For above mentioned,data is guaranteed by some related book and dictionary on Traditional Chinese Medicine.Both effects and treatments are considered with all items involved in congee processing,i.e.including chief grain and all its necessary compatibility,while inputs,calculation and summary have been done based on each item.4 Congee has a long history,for it could be traced back from some very ancient books which are relevant with diet therapy.In one ancient book,Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang,162 pcs of literature clauses have been excerpted from,which are all concerned with congee using.This documentation reflected well congee history and its existing rationality.5 For old person,principles of diet therapy could be concluded mainly in several points:hot and warm,soft and well boiled,less salted,and together with notes of abstain and taboo.In Lao Lao Heng Yan,15 congee prescriptions are concerned with principles.5 of them are created by author himself.In book Shou Qin Yang Lao Xin Shu that is related with the aged on health preservation,among the diet therapy in volume one,30 prescriptions are prepared with consideration of principles.42 congee prescriptions are listed in same volume,34 pcs of them have announced principle of "KongFu",i.e.taking congee with empty stomach.Conclusions:Lao Lao Heng Yan congee prescriptions are proved to be a good reference as congee therapy.It is well done in multiple sides with complete information,simple and effective application.All its saying could be verified from literature documentation.The information offered in the book is clear enough and could be traced back.No matter the summery has been done on effects or on major treatments,the results confirmed well Cao's views about health preservation.It shows clearly that Laoo Lao Heng Yan congee prescriptions are qualified in "YangYin" and "JianPi".It is useful in preserving homeostasis.It suggested the aged to care Spleen and Stomach by congee taking.According to ideological way,i.e.distinguishing academic and examining its source,this paper has got consultation from other books which are relevant with food therapy,just to show congee developing route.Based on a long history,clauses collected from other ancient works shows congee rationality and feasibility on health preserve.This paper discussed congee application with medicinal things,and made some comparison between Cao's certain prescriptions and their related origins,for declaring that Lao Lao Heng Yan congee prescriptions are practical.It is great for author Cao to announce constitution and endowment,i.e."Diet is to be selected according to individual endowment".Cao's prescriptions could be possible for public use.For any special group of persons,or any sick people,theories of Chinese Medicine"BianZheng" must be taken into consideration whenever diet therapy needs to be settled.Any food needs to be selected in accordance with individual feature.This significant idea even works well also in current health preserving exercise by diet,especially by congee.Diet therapy,e.g.congee with certain medicinal things,could be a useful TCM drug delivering method.It works well in supplementary curing while principles are considered properly.This congee method will perform a convenient,quick and effective way in health preservation,which has been proved suitable for person of different age,in different location,and no matter he is sick or not.Lao Lao Heng Yan,the very ancient book,advocated nothing strange,but keep doing one's daily routine well,and do it in its natural and correct way,like diet.Further discussion in this thesis has proved the feasibility of congee application."Heng" means not only frequent behavior,but common affairs as well,and together with eternally doing.Lao Lao Heng Yan congee prescriptions make really sense as diet therapy,especially by congee.It is also available for today's health maintaining project to consult with and to follow as a good and standard regulation.The useful congee prescriptions will last for ever,and perform a nice reference for the public.For practice in today,it is still valuable,and is ready at any time to be consulted with whenever congee taking will be needed for health preservation. |
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