| As aging and old aging have gradually become a basic trend of population development in the world today,the health risks of the elderly have also increased.According to the calculation data released by the National Aging Office in 2016,China's disabled elderly population will reach 42 million by 2020,and older people over 80 will reach 29 million.It can be known from the data that China will face extremely severe disability and long-term care problems in the future.Furthermore,due to factors such as the change in family structure and the increasing proportion of female labor force in the labor market,it also reflects that the long-term care of the elderly has become a matter of social livelihood.Many developed countries in the world have also faced such difficulties.For the elderly to cope with the risk of disability,We have chosen to set up a long-term care insurance system.Therefore,China also proposed to explore the establishment of a long-term care insurance system for the elderly in the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”.However,to establish a viable long-term care insurance system,the most important thing is to establish a fundraising mechanism with reasonable fundraising channels and appropriate fundraising amount,because stable supply of funds is the material basis for ensuring the continuous and effective operation of the long-term care insurance system.Therefore,it is an inevitable choice to establish a comprehensive set of long-term care insurance financing mechanism that is in line with the current situation in China.This article will aim to build a long-term care insurance financing mechanism in China.In the first part of the article,the relevant concepts of the research object are defined,and the three theoretical foundations on which the research is based are established,namely,the body loss theory,the law of large numbers,and Theory of fairness and efficiency.In the second part of the article,first of all,we have conducted a detailed review of China's five representative pilot regional models,and then compared and analyzed the deficiencies of the five regional pilot funding mechanisms.After that,we briefly introduced the typical social long-term care insurance system in Germany,Japan,and Korea,focused on the comparative study of the three funding mechanisms,and drew lessons from abroad for reference.In the beginning of the third part in this article showed that China's long-term care insurance should be an independently-operated social insurance system,and the target participants should be urban and rural employees aged 16 or above.Combined with the analysis and comparison results in the second part,we constructed three long-term care insurance fundraising mechanisms that meet our country's current situation,and established a horizontally balanced rate model based on the principle of balance of payments to measure the funding for long-term care insurance in China under the three schemes.Level and the changing trend of funding levels in the next 32 years.In the final part of the article,in conjunction with the third part of the calculation data,the following six recommendations are proposed to establish a long-term care insurance system that meets the current national conditions in China: First,an independent long-term care insurance system that meets the national conditions and institutional traditions should be established as soon as possible;It is necessary to clarify the fund-raising obligations and reasonable fund-raising responsibilities of each party.Third,it is necessary to appropriately improve the level of benefits of the current pilot pilot program in China to ensure the quality and efficiency of nursing services.Fourth,it is recommended that legislation should be implemented in advanceto promote the establishment of a long-term care insurance system;It is necessary to expand funding channels as much as possible and build a diversified fund-raising system.Sixthly,it is necessary to strengthen the convergence of the system and form a multi-insurance insurance package. |
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