| "Finance is the country's heavy power,is the blood of the national economy",stabilizing finance market has a fundamental role for the sustainable development of our national economy.At present,the macroeconomic slowdown,non-performing loan size of the bank and non-performing loan ratio continued to grow,hinder the sustained and stable development of finance markets.How to manage effectively,disposal of non-performing assets,is the top priority of banks.First,the author expounds the background of this paper,the research significance,research status at home and abroad,the research method and the structure of this article.This paper takes W rural commercial bank as the research object,and introduces the operation and background of this bank briefly,and gives an in-depth introduction to the classification of its non-performing assets.Puts forward that the scope of this paper is the bank credit assets under the five-level classification,which lays the theoretical foundation for the follow-up research.W rural commercial bank is a well-known local company and have a high market share,it has suffered from High non-performing loan balance and non-performing loan ratio.Both operating profit and bank reputation could have a significant negative impact on the bank,and could hinder the bank's healthy and sustainable development.The author starts with the current situation of the non-performing assets of W rural commercial bank,and makes an analysis from the scale of non-performing assets and loan composition.By the end of June 2016,the bank's bad loan balance is 857 million yuan,bad loan balance reached record levels,and present a rising trend,but growth slowed,and growth is below the national average of commercial bank.The non-performing loan ratio is 0.99 percent,at the lowest level in history,which is gradually decreasing and is at a better level in the national commercial Banks.But if the economy continues to slide,loan volume growth slows and bad balance continue to rise,the non-performing loan ratio could rise.Due to the increase in the amount of special-mentioned loans and past due loans,the pressure on bad loans is enormous.High non-performing loan balance and non-performing loan ratio lay a major hidden danger for the sustainable and stable operation of W rural commercial bank.How to deal with malpractices efficiently has become an urgent and important task.It is necessary to analyze the reasons of the non-performing asset production and the disposal of non-performing assets,so as to put forward effective countermeasures to the disposal model.This paper analyzes the reasons why W rural commercial bank produces bad assets from three aspects,including external factors,bank factors and enterprise factors,in an attempt to find the way of disposing bad assets from the source.The analysis found that the external constraints include historical factors and administrative intervention factors,economic environment factors,macro-control factors,credit system is not sound,financial supervision law is not sound.Bank factors include the quality of personnel constraints,internal control mechanism is not perfect.The restraining factors of enterprises include the weak risk awareness of the borrowers,the weak risk resistance ability,the poor credit level of the borrowers.These are the triggers of W rural commercial bank that produce a lot of bad assets.So how to deal with non-performing assets is W rural commercial bank and the whole market need to consider.After years of efforts by the bank,the non-performing loan ratio has gradually declined,and the rising trend of non-performing loan balance has been basically controlled,and a certain amount of experience has been accumulated.The author of this paper analyzes the disposal of non-performing assets of W rural commercial bank,this bank made a big adjustment in the bad assets management,including setting up a asset preservation department to deal with the disposal of non-performing assets,adjust the bank non-performing assets disposal process,formulate the corresponding incentive mechanism,continuously optimize the internal control mechanism of non-performing assets,and the disposal of non-performing assets shall be based on the "three firm principles" and "three requirements",so as to achieve the purpose of professional,efficient and compliant disposal of non-performing assets.At present,the disposal of non-performing assets of W rural commercial bank is divided into two ways: bank disposal and external assistance.Bank disposal includes credit collection,non-performing loan restructuring,collateral disposal or guarantee recourse,and non-performing account verification and cancellation.External assistance includes litigation settlement,transfer to third parties,and bill exchange.According to the analysis of the disposal mode of non-performing loan of W rural commercial bank.The bank has low efficiency in non-performing asset management,which is mainly reflected in the lack of risk management,the lack of professional staffing,the obvious lack of personnel experience.The management responsibilities of non-performing loans are scattered,and the post-loan management and non-performing disposal are respectively taken charge by different departments,which often miss the best disposal time point.The responsibility of litigation management is unclear,which affects the handling efficiency of litigation cases to some extent.With low technology content of non-performing asset management,W rural commercial bank has not established the disposal system of non-performing assets and the data monitoring system of non-performing assets.The management and disposal of non-performing assets are mainly based on manual registration,with low electronic level,low management efficiency and high risk of whole-process operation.In addition,there is a lack of innovation awareness in the management and disposal of non-performing assets,a low sensitivity to the market,a weak market adaptability,and insufficient use of new non-performing asset disposal methods.At the same time,the bank's poor disposal efficiency is mainly reflected in the traditional disposal methods of non-performing assets,high disposal cost,low cash collection rate and insufficient use of marketization methods.In general,affected by regional finance market is less developed and assets on a smaller scale,the bad disposal mode of the bank is relatively backward.From the current situation,the bank's disposal mode can temporarily control the increase of non-performing loans.But if the economic situation remains lower,with the bad assets is increasingly complex,the traditional disposal mode cannot meet the requirements of efficient disposal,so it needs to explore more effective methods of disposal.Finally,in order to cope with the complex and volatile modern economic society,W rural commercial bank is required to explore more and flexible disposal methods to cope with the growing non-performing assets.The author puts forward to build " Prevention + dispose + Innovation " disposal mode,which W rural commercial bank should guard against the new increase of non-performing loans,expand and innovate the disposal mode of non-performing assets by relying on the professional and differentiated disposal mode,and relying on the full support of the government.Form " Prevention + control ","tradition + innovation","enterprise + government" multi-directional disposal mode.This paper introduces and analyzes this disposal mode in detail and hopes to provide some help for the bad loan disposal for W rural commercial bank. |
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