The Impact Of Land Fragmentation On Farmers' Investment In High-power Agricultural Machinery

This paper mainly studies the impact of land fragmentation on farmers investing in high-power agricultural machinery in order to reveal the impact of land fragmentation on the division of labor in rural households.As of the end of 2015,China's average household owns7.07 mu of arable land,and the average number of land per house is 3.27.The average size of each block is 2.16 mu.It can be seen that China's land fragmentation is at a relatively high level,and there is still a lot in developed countries.Big gap.However,as of 2015,the total power of agricultural machinery reached 1.117 billion kilowatts,an increase of 20.42% over2010.Among them,large and medium-sized tractors,large and medium-sized tractors,supporting agricultural machinery,and combine harvesters increased by 54.85%,56.97%,and75.29%,respectively,compared with 2010.This shows that peasant households are highly motivated to purchase agricultural machinery,especially investment in high-power agricultural machinery.Farmers purchase small farm machines mainly for their own use.The main purpose of investing in high-power farm machines is to provide the market with more specialized and commercialized social services for agricultural machinery operations and to promote the division of labor among farmers.Therefore,investing in high-power agricultural machines actually represents a division of labor among rural households.However,the fragmentation of land will increase the transaction costs of agricultural operations services,such as fuel consumption and labor costs,information search costs,negotiation costs,supervision costs,and default costs of agricultural machines operating between different land parcels.The increase in transaction costs will affect the amount of agricultural machinery service operations and the scope of operations,thereby affecting farmers' investment in high-power agricultural machinery and hindering the division of labor among farmers.However,judging from the actual situation in China,although China ' s land is very fragmented,farmers' enthusiasm for investing in high-power agricultural machinery is high.How to explain this contradiction? How can we promote the division of labor among farmers in the case of fine-grained land?Based on the theory of transaction costs,this paper analyzes the impact of land fragmentation on farmers' investment in high-power agricultural machinery,and analyzes theeffect of land fragmentation on the division of labor in rural households.First of all,a questionnaire was designed for the purpose of this study.An on-site survey was conducted to conduct field surveys of important grain-producing regions in China to obtain first-hand data.Then,based on survey data,descriptive statistics were used to analyze the sample of farmers in the area.Purchase farm machinery and invest in high-power agricultural machinery,farmer's land fragmentation,convenience of agricultural machinery operation,farmer's use of agricultural machinery operation and production and operation conditions,etc.;finally,build a Probit model for sample selection of farmers investing in high-power agricultural machinery.The use of stata12 statistical analysis software to estimate the parameters of the model,so as to reveal the impact of land fragmentation and other relevant factors on farmers invest in high-power agricultural machinery.The results of this study show that: 1.Fragmentation of land has a negative impact on whether farmers invest in high-power agricultural machinery.The degree of fragmentation of land will affect the transaction costs of farm machinery services.The higher the transaction cost,the smaller the expected amount of work that can be achieved by high-power agricultural households,thus limiting the application of agricultural technology to agricultural technology and seriously impeding the individual farmer's personal The investment hinders the division of labor among farmers.2.The improvement of convenience conditions for agricultural machinery operations,such as the construction of tractor farms and the equal production of adjacent plots of crops,will help reduce the transaction costs of agricultural machinery operation services,promote farmer households to invest in high-power agricultural machinery,and promote the division of labor among rural households.3.Measures to improve the convenience of farm machinery operations through the construction of farm tractor tracks and the production of adjacent land plots can also offset the inconvenience caused by the fragmentation of the land to farm machinery operations to a certain extent,and promote farmers to invest in high-power agricultural machinery.To achieve the division of labor of farmers.Through the construction of farm tractor tracks and encouraging the converging production and operation of adjacent plots,it is possible to increase the possibility of continuous operation of high-power agricultural machinery without increasing the degree of fragmentation of the collective land of the households and the entire village,and to increase the area of ? ? unit operations and promote Contiguous,centralized and large-scale production of land plots provides efficiency in agricultural operations,effectively offsetting the adverse impact of land fragmentation.4.The purchase of agricultural machinery subsidies,the education level of the householder,the total household income of the farmer households,and the topography have a certain impact on the farmer's investment in high-power agricultural machinery.According to the research conclusions of this paper,the following policy recommendations are proposed: First,to guide and promote land circulation through multi-faceted,multi-dimensional and multi-level policies and regulations,or to encourage natural villages to unite with the production and management of farmers,and establish agricultural cooperatives.,To reduce the degree of fragmentation of land,increase the scale of operation of farmers,and reduce their impact on farmers' investment in high-power agricultural machinery.Second,the government should facilitate access to market information for agricultural production;increase government investment in rural infrastructure implementation,especially the construction of tractor farms,and open up the last kilometer;encourage farmers to implement contiguous operations and reduce farm operating costs,thus reducing Farmers purchase the transaction cost of agricultural machinery operation services,increase the amount of agricultural machinery operations,and realize the mechanization of agricultural production.Third,increase the intensity of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies,especially subsidies for high-power agricultural machinery;at the same time,financial institutions can be encouraged to provide loans for purchase of high-power agricultural machinery farmers,thereby reducing the purchase cost and purchase risk.It is also possible to encourage local producers to support their local agricultural production systems with powerful agricultural machinery that is highly capable,highly flexible,or designed for other special purposes.