| In the four decades since the reform and opening up,the national economy has been steadily rising.However,in the process of economic development,there are also problems of the spatial level of regional development gap and the time horizon of economic growth.Specifically,for less developed regions,the production factors with comparative advantages are driven by profit,and the cross-regional flow to developed regions cannot effectively utilize factor advantages.For developed regions,the pressure of industrial structure optimization and the transformation of economic growth mode requires the transfer of marginal industries to achieve leap-forward development.Industry will be based on the regional differences in factor endowment and the economic development environment and the corresponding transfer,which is beneficial to specialized production and industrial division of labor,boost economic growth mode from extensive to intensive changes.Regional comparative advantage difference is the mechanism of interregional industrial transfer,and comparative advantage theory is not the basis of interregional industrial transfer.The reason is that comparative advantage theory focuses on resource endowment and low cost advantage.And the interregional industry transfer and international industrial transfer has the similarity,interregional industry transfer at the present stage is not limited to the low end of the value chain of manufacturing,the developed regions to the less developed areas of industrial relocation is also involved in technology research and development and service link,the traditional theory of factor endowments is difficult to explain the industrial transfer is a new phenomenon.At the same time,the long-term sustainable development of regional manufacturing industry should not only have comparative advantage among different industries in the region,but also have absolute competitive advantage outside the area.The principle of regional market size,industrial cluster and auxiliary industry proposed by the theory of wave competitive advantage is a useful reference principle for enterprises and regions in choosing industries(Lin yifu,2003).Based on the above background,this paper according to the theory of comparative advantage and competitive advantage theory as the theoretical basis,from the analysis of two real problems and solutions,one is China interregional industry transfer characteristics,the second is the comparative advantage and competitive advantage how to affect the interregional industry transfer.The main content can be divided into four parts: firstly,the theory and empirical research on industrial transfer at home and abroad are summarized.Secondly,the relationship between comparative advantage theory and competitive advantage theory is clarified,and the influence of component factors on manufacturing transfer is analyzed.Again,the manufacturing data collection,and with the aid of ArcGIS10.3 and Stata14.0 software to describe manufacturing industry as a whole,labor-intensive manufacturing industries,capitalintensive manufacturing,technology intensive manufacturing of interregional transfer characteristic;Finally,the comparative advantage and competitive advantage theory are combined to construct a model with contains a variety of more generalized variables,the analysis of various factors on the manufacturing sector as a whole and different intensity factors of influence degree and direction of manufacturing transfer.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Comparative advantage theory and competitive advantage theory are not opposed to each other but complementary to each other.Competitive advantage theory originally used in micro level(the company),then gradually applied in the field of industry,with emphasis on different of comparative advantage is conducive to the investment and innovation business environment,advocate government complies with the labor productivity and improving the quality of the business environment.In addition,comparative advantage and competitive advantage also differ in the assumptions,perspectives,types and trade policies.There are differences,but they complement each other.Comparative advantage is the basis of competitive advantage,comparative advantage theory is not opposed to enhance the competitive advantage of the industry,and the starting point of the competitive advantage theory is still the absolute advantage theory,the concept of competitive advantage and comparative advantage in essence is consistent,is to improve the welfare of the local residents,the comparative advantage and competitive advantage in explaining the phenomenon of trade complementarity.At the same time,there is a certain "chance" in the interregional manufacturing transfer and even in the initial stage of transfer,so it cannot be explained by a single theory.This paper agrees with the comparative advantage and competitive advantage complementary relationship,and that this relationship on the interregional industry transfer,mainly reflected in the sustainable development of regional manufacturing industry for a long time both in the area between different industries has a relative comparative advantage,also want to in the zone between the same industry have absolute competitive advantage.(2)Characteristics of the interregional manufacturing industry transfer.China's interregional manufacturing industry as a whole exhibits the characteristics of "eastward migration to the west",near transfer and spatial agglomeration.Laborintensive manufacturing industries follow the law of gradient transfer,transfer areas are concentrated in the east,and transfer areas are concentrated in the central region,the region is not yet in the undertaking area.Capital-intensive manufacturing industry is characterized by a shift from the southeast coast to the northern coast and the central region.It is characterized by a divergent and leaping transition.The interregional transfer of capital-intensive manufacturing is mainly due to large-scale heavy enterprises,and the impact of capital flow is significant.The technology-intensive manufacturing industry has a strong lag in space movement,and the overall performanceis insufficient transfer power.The share of most of the technology intensive manufacturing industries has narrowed their changes and is basically distributed in the eastern region.(3)Empirical study on the influencing factors of regional manufacturing shift.The empirical evidence shows that comparative advantage and competitive advantage have a significant impact on domestic interregional manufacturing shifts,and the combination of the two has a strong explanation for interregional industrial transfer.From the perspective of the connotation and opportunity cost of comparative advantages,this paper identifies the comparative advantages of the interregional manufacturing industry and confirms that it has a positive and positive effect on manufacturing transfer.In terms of potential comparative advantages,the relative differences in technological levels also have a significant positive effect on the inter-regional manufacturing shift,but the role of factor-endowment deviation depends on different periods and different segments.Based on Porter's competitive advantage theory,empirical analysis shows that the four factors and two variables of competitive advantage have the same significant impact on interregional manufacturing as comparative advantages,just some variable estimation results in different periods and different segmentation slightly different in the industry.The empirical results show that the comparative advantage and competitive advantage complement each other.Any lack of the two is not conducive to the long-term sustainable development of regional manufacturing industry.The long-term sustainable development of regional manufacturing industry should have relative comparative advantages in different industries in the region,and also have absolute competitive advantages in the same area outside the region.According to the research conclusions of this paper,policy proposals are made for the purpose of proposing that industrial transfer be consistent with regional factor endowments,efforts to create a good investment environment,enhancement of industrial linkages,development of supporting industries,and government's improvement of service effectiveness and efficiency. |
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