| Rural land consolidation through increase grain yield,farmers' income and agricultural efficiency,providing a basic support for modernization of agricultural through the adjustment of land ownership and infrastructure construction.The National‘13th Five-Year Plan' clearly stated that it is necessary to vigorously promote the improvement of rural land consolidation and high-standard basic farmland construction,ensure the completion of 400 million mu of land,strive to build 600 million mu of high-standard basic farmland,supplement 20 million mu of cultivated land,and reconstruct medium and low cultivated land about 200 million mu,at the same time,increasing the quality of the remediation of the basic farmland by an average level.In recent years,the implementation of rural land consolidation project has achieved gratifying results.However,it still implies problems such as low project quality,inconsistent with actual needs,and insufficient participation of farmers.The success of rural land consolidation projects can not be separated from the support and cooperation of farmers.At the same time,due to the heterogeneity in the spatial distribution and type of livelihood of farmers,these households are different in resource endowments,public participation capabilities,access opportunities and policy preferences.There may be differences in the concept,goals,and other aspects,and the response to the same event and policy may also be different.How to address the specific problems and difficulties in the implementation of rural land consolidation projects for heterogeneous farmers?Differentiated formulate incentive policies to improve heterogeneous farmers' effective participation degree are the urgent issues to be resolved in field of rural land consolidation.Therefore,this paper makes an in-depth study of the differences and its causes in the effective participation of different sample areas and different types farmers,and provides some suggestions for the government's differentiated development of incentive policies for raising farmers' effective participation degree.Based on the theory of spatial differentiation,farmer heterogeneity theory,effective decision-making theory of public participation,and human factors system theory,thispaper uses quantile regression and quantile decomposition models to identify the difference and causes in different types of farmer households and different engineering regions.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From the overall situation of the study area,the farmers' effective participation in Hubei Province rural land remediation project is generally low,but there is a certain difference in different sample areas and different types of farmer households.From the overall sample,the ratio of “very low” and “lower” reached 9.6% and 50.3%,and the overall participation efficiency was low.In the comparison of farmers in different engineering modes,the effective participation of rural households in the pre-service plain mode area is slightly higher than that in the hilly engineering mode;in the comparison of the effective participation of different types of farmers,the low grade part-time peasant have the highest degree of effective participation,followed by purely agricultural peasant households and high grade part-time peasant households,and non agricultural peasant households are the least effective in participating.(2)Increasing participation capacity,participation opportunities and participation dynamics have important implications for farmers' effective participation in rural land consolidation projects.However,the factors that specifically affect the participation of rural households in different engineering modes are not the same.In addition,even if it is the same influencing factor,its contribution to the effective participation of rural households in different engineering modes is different at different points.Based on the differences in the impact mechanism of effective participation of farmers in different engineering model zones,by constructing a counterfactual distribution function of the effective participation of farmers,the differences in the effective participation of rural households in different sample areas and their causes are studied.The results show that the feature differences caused by participation ability have a strong ability to explain the total differences,which is a decisive factor that leads to the difference in the effective participation of the farmers in the mode areas of the hilly project and the pre-arrival plain model zone.However,the coefficients are caused by the participation opportunities and the participation dynamics.Differences are also influential factors that cannot be ignored.(3)In the rural land consolidation project,there are certain differences in the impact mechanism of different types of farmers participating effectively.Specifically,except that the degree of disclosure of project information has a significant positive impact on the effective participation of all types of farmers,the factors that significantly affect the effective participation of different types of farmers are not the same.At the same time,even if the same influencing factors are different,they are different.There is also a big difference in the contribution rate of different types of rural households participating in the locator.This paper also uses the quantile decomposition model to deeply explore the causes of differences in the effective participation of different types of farmer households.The results show that the coefficient differences caused by participation opportunities and participation dynamics lead to the effective participation of pure agricultural peasant is lower than that of low grade part-time peasant.The main reason is that,compared with pure agricultural peasant,the low grade part-time peasant have opened up their horizons in the process of working outside the home.They have better understanding of farmland remediation and can discover more opportunities for participation and gain more motivation for participation.In the comparison of the two types of part-time peasant households,the coefficient differences caused by participation opportunities and participation dynamics also have a strong ability to explain the overall differences.Compared with the low grade part-time peasant,the livelihood source of the high grade part-time peasant households mainly relied on the income of non-agricultural industries.Its degree of concern for agricultural land remediation projects is lower than that of low-income rural farmers who still mainly depend on agricultural income.They find that there are less participation opportunities and participation motivation,and feature differences caused by participation capacity.It is the main reason that non-agricultural farmers' participation is lower than that of part-time farmers,due to non-agricultural farmers' livelihoods.Their means of livelihood has changed,almost does not depend on agricultural income,leaving only part of the food grain farming operations basis,which is still lower than a certain scale of industry and agriculture on the type of household ability to participate.Based on the above conclusion,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations on how to improve farmers' effective participation in the rural land consolidation project: First,for the problem of low participation of rural households in the Hubei rural land consolidation project,public policy-making departments should highly valued the farmers' effective participation in the improvement of rural land consolidation project,and effectively increased the farmers' participation capacity,enriched farmers' participation opportunities,and promoted farmers' participation.Secondly,we will combine practical situation,point relevant incentive policies for rural land consolidation project in different engineering model area,in order to improve the effective participation of rural households.Third,when promoting project construction,it is necessary to fully consider the interest appeals of different types of rural households.Different types of rural households have different problems and difficulties in participation.Differentiate formulate incentive policies for effective participation can ensure its diversity and effectiveness. |
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