From The Perspective Of Global Value Chain Re-measure The Complexity Of Export Technology

As the largest trading powers,the second-largest economy in the world,the export trade in China plays an important role in economic growth.In the past,we have focused on the growth of foreign trade of scale for a long time.At present,the foreign trade has entered the bottleneck stage of China's development which is only "quantity" but not "quality".At this stage,the economy in Ch ina is changing which will have "more advanced form,more complicated labor division and more reasonable structure".Traditional export technology complexity neither reflects the characteristics of the industry itself,nor ignores the impact of the fine di vision of production in the world,resulting in a misjudgment of the export technical content of a country or region.Export technology complexity clearly reflects a country or region structure complexity of export production.The cognitive mode about expo rt has changed,and the export technology complexity has changed accordingly.Based on the world input and output model in the WIOD database,from the view of the national level and industry level,and referencing the traditional export technology complexi ty index,under the value added accounting,this paper constructs the export technology complexity of China's manufacturing industry,including the multidimensional index of the export technology complexity based on forward and backward/ direct linkage value added export and so on.Then,the thesis studies the basic change characteristics of Chinese overall and bilateral trade technology content of export to provides some policy suggestions for China to realize the transformation and upgrade of economic structure in multi angles.Utilizing the Wang et al.(2014)accounting method of trade value added,the results of export technical complexity from an industrial perspective show that: Compared with the angels of national and industry,at national level,the traditional export technology complexity is difficult to distinguish the technical difference among the high,the medium and the low technology manufacturing industries,and it is possible to misjudge the export technology of a country or region.From the perspective of industrial level,Chinese high-tech manufacturing industry has export international competitiveness both in the market of developed and developing countries,the implied technology of export products is higher than the technology of medium and low technology manufacturing products,which is in line with the actual,and also fully verified the measurement of export technology complexity at industrial level is more scientific.Compared to the perspective of the national dimension,the index of the technology complexity based on value added export from the perspective of industrial dimension shows of China's manufacturing industry,the export technology complexity based on forward linkage value added export is the highest and the traditional export technology is the lowest.In addition,compared with developed countries,China's international division status is relatively weak in the global value chain.China's export of manufacturing industry is concentrated in the export of medium and low technology products,and it does not exist in the so-called "Rodrik paradox",and the technological structure of export products need to be improved.And the international ranking of the traditional export technology complexity of China's manufacturing industry has been declining,but export technology complexity based the value added export is rising.Because of the difference in their factor endowments,the export technology content of the same industry in different countries is different.Moreover,because of the difference in technology standards between different countries,the same industry has different technological content from China to different countries.Interestingly,the technology content based on backward linkage value added export from China to the developed countries is greater than that based on direct linkage value added export.It shows that the process of China's export to the developed countries is more complex,creating more added value and higher export technology content.But the phenomeno n of China's export to the developing countries has not appeared.The export technology content of China's high school technology manufacturing industry may be higher than that of the US and Japan which shows the developing countries may have high-tech manufacturing industry,and the developed countries may also have low-tech manufacturing industry,the technology of developed countries is not necessarily higher than that of developing countries.However,the need to pay attention to is that China is mainly focusing on the technological progress of the middle and high technology manufacturing industry,neglecting the development of low technology manufacturing industry,and the uneven development of the manufacturing industry.For the export technology content of the Sub industry and market,the high technology manufacturing industry has high export technology content from China to developed countries and developing countries.The technology content of export products are all outstanding,but in the middle and low technology manufacturing industry,the technological content of China exported to developing countries is higher than that of exports to developed countries.This research shows that China should actively participate in global value chain,enhance its international division position in global value chain,improve the technology of production,balance the high-tech manufacturing industry development,middle-tech manufacturing industry development and low-tech manufacturing industry development,to build its international competitiveness in global value chain.